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Essay Abstract

Is Reality Analog or Digital? Analog and digital mathematical treatments can be shown to be equivalent, so the answer does not lie in math but in physics. At root is the nature of particles and fields. The simplest possible physical model, one field, will be analyzed and physical experiments proposed to show an analog reality with digital consequences. There are implications for the view of reality currently associated with entanglement and violation of Bell's inequality.

Author Bio

Edwin Eugene Klingman was a NASA Research Physicist (atomic and molecular physics) whose '79 PhD dissertation, "The Automatic Theory of Physics", described how a robot would derive a theory of physics. After 30 years, this theme is appearing in Science (see "Automating Science".) Founder of several Silicon Valley companies, the author holds over 25 technology patents and has published two university texts, "Microprocessor Systems Design" Vol I and II. His recently published physics books address unsolved mysteries of physics, and make testable predictions.

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Dr. Klingman,

I have just read through your essay once and printed it. I will be studying it more. I thought it was masterful. You are able to bring clarity to difficult concepts. I am referring not only to the complexities of theory; but, also to your explanations that challenge entrenched concepts. It is difficult to make clear that cherished ideas may be irrelevent and even obstructive. I admire that you feel no need to engage in derison when comparing different views.

I develop new work at an introductory fundamental level. I like the results I have achieved. My ideas are different from your work. I putter around trying to show that multiple fundamental causes are unnecessary. The important point, though, is that my unprofessional view is very restricted compared to yours. You are able to fully engage the ideas of theoretical physics from the bottom, the top, and internally.

I think that the justification for beginning theory with a single field should be obvious to physicists. If they would learn how to derive the laws of physics from a single field, then, there would be no need to invent multiple fundamental causes. I think that we both begin with that approach. However, it is far more likely that your work is correct. Thank you for participating here.

James

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Robert Spoljaric replied on Jan. 23, 2011 @ 21:55 GMT

Dear James,

I agree with you that it would be beautiful to "derive the laws of physics from a single field." But searching for a final thoery implies we do no yet know the 'true' laws of physics!

Regards,

Robert

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Robert Spoljaric replied on Jan. 24, 2011 @ 02:46 GMT

Dear James,

Please allow me to clarify my previous post.

I greatly admire Dr. Klingman for his generosity and praise, and I assume his ideal is to derive the 'true' laws of physics by assuming a 'primordial field.' Presumably such a theory would then be able to explain away, or account for, everything that came before. The end result would then truly be an unambiguous final theory!

Regards,

Robert

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James Putnam replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 21:47 GMT

Dear Robert,

I do not refer to a 'primordial field.' I don't have a problem with 'primordial' but rather with 'field'. Every time I have seen the word 'field' used it has been in support of one of many mechanical theories about the nature of the universe. Since it is certain that no mechanical viewpoint can ever define the properties of this universe, my point is that only when the word 'field' is replaced by 'intelligent cause' will theoretical physics move beyond pretending that predicting future changes of velocity explain a universe that gave birth to intelligent life.

James

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Dear Edwin Klingman,

While I enjoy your ironic utterances like "... repetition yields symmetry groups and physicists fall in love with such", you will hopefully agree that such kind of criticism needs further elaboration. I will try and do my best in the essay I am preparing.

In principle I appreciate your brave vote against mysticism. Hopefully you will not shy back from defending your position by taking issue when other essays do not agree with it.

Good luck,

Eckard

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James,

Thank you for your very kind remarks. While we come at it from different backgrounds, we seem to have the same goal of clarifying certain basic ideas. I too am thankful that you participate here and that FQXi gives us all this opportunity.

Eckard,

I'm glad that you enjoyed the essay. My statement wasn't meant as criticism so much as a simple, short statement of how math arises naturally and physicists, including me, fall in love with its elegance, sometimes perhaps losing our perspective.

I look forward to both of your essays.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

For FQXi readers who do not realize that the C-field is real, I refer you to a paper I received yesterday, a week after submitting my essay. Had I held off, I would have included this info in my essay--I offer it now in this comment.

The 3 Dec 2010 issue of Physical Review Letters 105, 231103 ("...on Non-Newtonian Gravity") describes a 13 year study of LAGEOS satellite(s) that tracked the relativistic precession with one centimeter rms accuracy ("the most accurate measurement for the pericenter advance of a satellite orbiting the Earth ever made.") The results differ from general relativity's predictions by up to 0.2% and the difference is attributed to the C-field, or gravito-magnetic field.

The C-field is real, general relativity is of limited application, and I hope you keep this in mind while reading my essay.

Thanks,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Darth Sidious replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 14:09 GMT

Dear Edwin Eugene Klingman,

I regret, but you makes confusion on this point. Actually, gravito-magnetic effects are well known within General Relativity, i.e. the C-field, that you claims to be real while General Relativity should be of limited application (in all honesty, I find a few arrogant this claim), is indeed a part of General Relativity, see for example the recent review published in Astrophys. Space Sci. 331:351-395, 2011. Difference of order 0.2% are NOT attributed to the C-field, or gravito-magnetic field, which is comprised in General Relativity, but to potential modifies of the gravitational action with respect to the Einstein-Hilbert action of Standard General Relativity.

Best wishes.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 21:41 GMT

Dear Darth,

You are correct that General Relativity in the weak field limit leads to the GEM equations, and therefore implies gravito-magnetism. However it is true that Einstein failed to solve the magneto-static problem in general relativity, and more so that Maxwell and Heaviside decided that the field was too weak to be of significance.

I have modified two of the equations in classical GEM, as indicated in my essay, and believe that very significant consequences derive from this. While a subset of physicists may be very familiar with the C-field, I think that most are not, and if they are, they do not think it generally significant. I may be wrong about that.

I do not have access to Astrophys. Space Sci. so I cannot comment here, and I will let the Phys Rev Lett article I cited speak for itself. It is hard to derive and defend a new theory of the universe without sometimes sounding arrogant, but I try to hold these to a minimum. I also try to hold my mis-statements to a minimum, so thank you for calling me on what you view as a mis-statement.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 22:50 GMT

Dear Darth,

Re-reading your comment, you seem most offended by my statement that General Relativity is of limited application. I know this may be offensive to some, but that does not mean it is false.

My approach to reality is that topology or connectedness is of primary significance, and distance, or metric overlay on topology is secondary. I view these as essentially separable problems. I think Doug Sweetser's diagram (reproduced in my essay) illustrates this beautifully.

So a major question appears to me to be whether the universe is "flat" or not. I understand this to be the consensus belief today, and I do not challenge it as it fits my theory nicely. But if the universe *is* flat, then General Relativity seems to be most applicable in those local situations where a non-linear metric is most appropriate, such as black holes and neutron stars, and to have less significance where Euclidean geometry seems to apply, that is, almost everywhere. If the universe were *not* flat, then GR would be paramount. As it is (or appears to be) GR is primarily of local applicability. Again, I may be wrong.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Lawrence B Crowell replied on Jan. 13, 2011 @ 15:50 GMT

Darth,

The gravito-magnetic field in the GEM theory is not the same as the frame dragging or Lense-Thirring effect in general relativity. This is a very different idea about an intertwining between gravity and electromagnetism.

Cheers LC

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 15, 2011 @ 03:05 GMT

Darth and Lawrence,

I am probably responsible for some of the confusion. If Lawrence is interpreting my version of the gravito-electro-magnetic field to be the same as Sweetser's GEM, then I have mislead him. I show Sweetser's diagrams because I believe they are relevant to understanding significant aspects of 'metric' vs 'potential' approaches to physics. I do NOT accept all of his approach to GEM. Part of the confusion is that I have been using the abbreviation 'GEM' for years before knowing about Sweetser, and neither he nor I have a monopoly on this term. It often refers to Maxwell's original invention, based on symmetry, of the gravito-electro-magnetic equations analogous to his electro-magnetic field equations. I don't know a way around this confusion. I often refer to the 'Gene Man' theory, which is more specific, but also more self-referential.

My field equations (see my essay) are neither Maxwell's nor Sweetser's.

I regret the confusion.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Dr. Klingman,

Would you be interested in ("If you know someone whose perspective on the subject is different from yours please let me know.") this:

"I am pleased to invite you to contribute a chapter to an ebook that I am editing for Nova Science Publishers tentatively entitled, Symposium on Grand Unified Theories. The following content is requested:

1) An elaboration of...

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James,

Thanks for the above message. Can we go offline with this? My email address is on the first page of my essay.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin

Thanks for an excellent essay, and for your comments on mine, (I'll respond there). I assume the C of C field is essentially 'classic?' I couldn't quite understand the objection to magnetic derivation of black hole polar contortions and clarification would be helpful.

I found it a great inspiration, (as I'd started to suspect I was from another planet) and I hope we may help each other. I comment below on the content, but only conceptually/empiro-logically as that's all I know.

But first, your coverage is brilliant and comprehensive, but necessarily can't deal with the one central massive issue, which is why the field was first banished; CSL. In particular wrt all moving receivers. Once we can derive how this can work WITH a 3rd frame, the field's denial becomes unnecessary, and you have most of the evidence needed. I really hope I can help by now providing it, but you need to look upwards when reading my essay, as, though very simple, I couldn't get it all into so few pages.

Comments; Yes; one linked field with many effects, and local realism, but only of subjective reality, (I've now just found Benoit Launier) and, in fact, as you with mine, I can't dispute anything I could understand (if not quite 100%!). One thing; You may see why in mine, but strictly I'm not sure curvature is possible without 'matter', or at least 'virtual matter'. I have; Light(superposed em waves)> field perturbation> 'virtual photons' (dark matter) > curvature. I'll cover the biggest implication in my explanation, but photons are not conserved (also as Penrose laid down as a requirement for unification), and the key quantum process is scattering.

Ref fields and the original stellar aberration evidence encouraging denial you may also like this; http://wbabin.net/weuro/jackson.pdf

I'll be very pleased to give you a high score, and hope I can grasp and hold all the detail in my mind.

Best of luck

Peter

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Peter,

I appreciate your comments and will address several here.

Yes, the C-field is 'classic' as both Newtonian and Einsteinian gravity is a continuous field. Because Maxwell, Heaviside, Einstein, and others used gravito-electro-magnetic terminology, and apparently never assigned a 'name' to the gravito-magnetic field, I chose the letter 'C' because it was 'available', and fit with...

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Peter,

I appreciate your comments and will address several here.

Yes, the C-field is 'classic' as both Newtonian and Einsteinian gravity is a continuous field. Because Maxwell, Heaviside, Einstein, and others used gravito-electro-magnetic terminology, and apparently never assigned a 'name' to the gravito-magnetic field, I chose the letter 'C' because it was 'available', and fit with E, B, and G, and was simpatico with my first essay (in the Fundamental Limits contest).

Yours is a good question about my objection to magnetic derivation of black hole 'jets'. I don't really 'object' but there are several aspects to my thinking. First, as I understand it, many of the jets are many light years long--indicative of astonishingly strong fields. Second, I'm unaware of mechanisms that would lead to huge charge buildups in black holes. It would seem that, as elsewhere, the presence of a plasma in the neighborhood would tend, over time, to neutralize any such phenomenon, diminishing any consequent magnetic fields. And finally, the requirement for generation of an immensely powerful C-field, that is a massive rotating object, seems to be met by a black hole, de facto. So I just think that gravito-magnetic fields are more likely than electro-magnetic fields as the explanation for such jets. (I could be wrong.)

I am less sure what your 'central massive issue' is (why the field was first banished). I will read the link you gave me. As you note, it's hard to get it all in 9 pages.

As for curvature without 'matter', I think the distinction is between the 'mass equivalence' of field energy (of the primordial gravitational field (singularity or not)) versus 'particulate matter' such as baryons. My assumption is that, at the big bang, if only the gravity field exists, it's self-energy is sufficient. Apparently Calabi thought so too, and Yau 'proved' that such could exist. Of course this is a 'lift yourself by your own bootstraps'-type of situation, but almost any creation of the universe from nothing is a bootstrap situation.

You make the point that photons are not conserved. Although second quantized quantum theory was to handle the non-conservation of particles, and Einstein's boson statistics create photons, still I had not given much thought to the non-conservation of photons (which of course is not to say the non-conservation of energy and momentum). Interesting.

Finally, I am less and less inclined to grant 'virtual' particles reality. With 'point particles' and 10**120 more vacuum energy, virtual particles may have made sense. With spatially extended particles and 10**120 less available energy, I wonder. QCD has assumed, for example, a 'sea of strange quarks' in protons, etc, and this has *not* been found, much to QCDer's surprise. If you study the issue, "virtual particles" are the ideal 'fudge factor' and a case could be made that it is just this fudge factor that accounts for the (until recently) amazing accuracy of QED. The recent 4% discrepancy of QED in the case of muonic hydrogen is not reassuring. There are other issues with 'virtual' that are too long for a comment. Once one has charged mass, it is "easy" to get photons. It is much harder, in my opinion, to get mass from nothing, and this applies to 'virtual' mass as well.

After reading your linked article, I may have more comments. Thanks for your stimulating comments.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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In order to make it easier to find relevant info in one place, I will copy such info from other threads to here. The following is background I wrote on Peter's thread:

Because gravito-magnetism was initially believed to be too weak to be of any consequence, it has been essentially ignored for 150 years. In fact, the Phys Rev Lett paper cited above is possibly the first time that gravito-magnetism has 'officially' and unequivocally attributed the discrepancy with general relativity's predictions to the gravito-magnetic field (aka the 'C-field').

My premise is that gravity G, gravito-magnetic C, electric E and electro-magnetic B-fields exist, and I believe G and C are 'classical' ie, each field is a continuum. I am less sure whether E and B are continua or whether they are statistical effects of bosons. I'm thinking about it. Maxwell first wrote the GEM equations simply based on symmetry (Newton's ~ Coulomb's equation) and these were later derived as the 'weak field limit' of general relativity.

Key is that my calculations provide reason to believe that gravito-magnetism is 10**31 times stronger than was originally believed, and Martin Tajmar has experimentally found the same factor. If correct, this has very significant consequences for particle physics and cosmology.

On the surface Maxwell's EM equations and the analogous GEM look very similar. But there is a drastic essential difference. The EM fields interact strongly with charge, but are themselves uncharged, hence their self-interaction is linear and supports 'superposition' in the mathematico-physical sense of interference. But the GEM fields interact with mass and, through self-energy E=mc**2, thereby interact with themselves in a non-linear, ie, Yang-Mills manner, providing for physical phenomena that have been attributed to other fields (which physicists freely invent due to the nature of the Lagrangian technique).

If it turns out to be the case, as looks more likely every day, that the C-field is not only real, but has the strength I claim it has, and, as also looks more likely, neither the Higgs nor SUSY particles show up, then "somebody got a lot of 'splainin' to do."

I claim the C-field explains dozens of anomalies that GR, QED, and QCD cannot explain. If true, physics is much simpler than is currently believed to be the case. This, incredibly, will make a lot of people unhappy. Go figure.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Darth Sidious replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 19:28 GMT

Again, you makes confusion. Your sentence that "gravito-magnetism has been essentially ignored for 150 years" is NOT correct. Actually, there is an ENORMOUS number of papers in the literature regarding gravito-magnetism, see the recent review published in Astrophys. Space Sci. 331:351-395, 2011 and references within. Attempts to explain discrepances from General Relativity which have been found in the Phys Rev Lett paper cited above arise from potential modifies of the gravitational action with respect to the Einstein-Hilbert action of Standard General Relativity. These modifies have nothing to do with gravito-magnetism which is indeed well known within Standard General Relativity.

Best wishes

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 21:45 GMT

Dear Darth,

I believe my previous response to you applies here also. I invite you to focus on my changes to GEM and potential consequences deriving therefrom, and forgive me for making overly general statements that certainly do not apply to a subset of physicists.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin

Thanks. You'll be interested in this proof that light can attract itself; http://discovermagazine.com/2010/jan-feb/083

BLACK HOLES; In agreement with your 'one field', the process would be, particles from matter sucked at high speed in are heavily charged/ionised as they're 'spat out' by the polar contortions of the EM/GEM field, (formed by the fast spin of the super massive...

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Edwin

Thanks. You'll be interested in this proof that light can attract itself; http://discovermagazine.com/2010/jan-feb/083

BLACK HOLES; In agreement with your 'one field', the process would be, particles from matter sucked at high speed in are heavily charged/ionised as they're 'spat out' by the polar contortions of the EM/GEM field, (formed by the fast spin of the super massive 'black hole object). The jets are light years wide and hundreds long, at centre stream new ejections do c wrt the last.

BIG ISSUE; It is; The reason the 'ether' field was banished was to allow the SR solution to constancy of em wave propagation speed (CSL) with respect to all receivers. Only when we find/accept a quantum friendly version of this allowing CSL can we have a unified field back and let physics progress.

BOOT STRAPS I'm not a fan of unreal solutions, but this is an aside. I'm sure we'll find the answers once we can start moving down the road again!

VIRTUAL PHOTONS I'm referring to the ones previously called 'photoelectrons' in accelerators. They are real, but only appear with motion (as the 'plasma' cloud or halo around all mass from a single electron (upwards including galaxies!)). When we collide the 'parent' mass we find the DO have p(=mv). Is it really just a co-incidence that 'gravitational mass' increases with motion?, i.e. directly proportional to these particles which condense around the basic mass (they evaporate again when the mass slows down).

JOINED-UP PHYSICS To join it ALL up; Light refracts through such 'plasmas proportional to gravitational mass', in a gentle curve, subject to density (which is subject to inertial mass). Does the gentle curve related to G remind you of anything? As I said, you may need to try taking 3 paces backwards and looking upwards to take in the whole thing in overview as a simple unified whole.

I tried to get most into my essay, but it needs a universe to fit in. Do let me know how you get on.

Peter

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Much of this comment is reproduced on Brian Whitworth's page. He begins, as many do, by denying local realism. That is the current trend, perhaps because it's 'sexy'. But one of the world's foremost experts, Anton Zeilinger, has written, Dance of the Photons, spelling out his key arguments in appendix A, where he substitutes, for quantum "properties" human properties, such as eye color, hair color, and height. He then proceeds to derive Bell's inequality and to claim that actual measurement results imply that the properties "do not exist until measured".

This is the key statement denying that local properties are real.

But changing the 'name' of the properties has absolutely no effect upon the logic of Bell's inequality, so either his logic is correct or it is not.

And here is the catch. The entire logic is based upon the assumption that the properties do not change en route to being measured! If this assumption is wrong, then the logic of Bell's inequality is wrong, and the drastic step of denying local realism is simply not justified.

Zeilinger begins with a "known" set of properties, and derives, based upon this set, Bell's inequality, and finds that measurements violate this inequality, then concludes that the properties do not exist until the measurement is made.

In Zeilinger's "user friendly" example, all that is necessary to refute this logic is to assert that one or more of the properties changed en route to the measurement. For example, one 'particle' dyes his hair, en route, thereby changing the measurement and violating Bell's inequality.

Now true believers will object, no, no, no -- you cannot equate 'hair color' with quantum properties -- but they are wrong. Bell's inequality does not depend on specific properties. All that is necessary to refute the argument is that properties change en route between the source and the detection.

As long as *both* entangled particles are treated exactly the same en route, the inequality is not violated, and there is no reason to question local realism. And this is exactly what is found experimentally. Only when the pair are interfered with in different ways en route is the inequality violated.

Therefore, one has to ask whether properties can change en route subject to differing physical interactions. And the answer is not available, because there is no rigorous analysis of photons, say in polarizing beam splitters. There is not even agreement on the (basically undefined) 'cut' or 'schnitt' that divides the quantum system being measured from the classical measuring 'apparatus'.

So the answer does not exist -- at this point only 'user preference' is involved. Some physicists are willing to give up local realism based on flimsy assumptions. I find that rather drastic, to put it mildly.

I am pursuing this here because my essay depends upon local realism and I've determined over the last few months that many FQXi'ers no longer believe in local realism.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 2, 2011 @ 22:54 GMT

To All,

Because my theory is one of local realism, that is, my particles exist locally with real properties, but the current view of 'entanglement' physicists is that reality is non-local, and properties do not exist until measured, I have been engaged in finding the holes in the logic of Bell's inequality, as seen above.

However, as of about 1 Feb 2011 I became aware of Joy Christian's article here and am no longer engaged in this pursuit. Joy has convincingly shown that John Bell incorrectly arrived at his inequality. In her topological derivations, she always finds the quantum mechanical value 2*sqrt(2), which is never exceeded by the experimental data. Thus the problem vanishes! As Joy says, "...the Illusion of Entanglement".

In other words, Bell's inequality is based on a wrong number, and all of the conclusions that have followed from violation of his inequality are meaningless! This is of major significance to me, since my theory depends on local realism.

Unfortunately it is of major significance to many others, who have a vested interest in keeping things the way they are. Those with labs, contracts, publications, books, and other investments often fight change for obvious reasons. As I commented on Joy's thread, Leo Tolstoy said:

"I know that most men, including those at ease with problems of the greatest complexity, can seldom accept even the simplest and most obvious truth if it be such as would oblige them to admit the falsity of conclusions which they have delighted in explaining to colleagues, which they have proudly taught to others, and which they have woven, thread by thread, into the fabric of their lives."

Being an expert on 'spooky' and 'weird' quantum mechanics is fun. To have to retract all the fascinating things, said to so many rapt audiences, is no fun. And will probably be resisted to the grave.

Nevertheless, I plan to waste no more time on arguing against entanglement, violation of Bell's inequality, non-locallity, non-realism, or any other of the fallacious conclusions that have screwed up physics for decades.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 3, 2011 @ 19:59 GMT

To all,

First, I've discovered that Joy is a man.

Second, I've found that other's, without time to study this work have misunderstood the issue, thinking that Joy proposes 'something else' as being "responsible for the Bell inequality violation." No. He is saying is that Bell's mistake was in thinking that "correlations between the points of a real line have anything to do with the correlations between elements of reality", and it is "topologically impossible for any Bell type map to constitute a manifold of all possible measurement results."

This is incompatible with the basic completeness criterion of EPR that "every element of physical reality must have a counterpart in the physical theory."

But "correlation between the EPR elements or reality are correlation between the respective points of two 2-spheres" and has "nothing whatsoever to do with the correlations between the points of two 0-spheres as Bell unjustifiably assumes." Bell's incomplete description of physical reality doesn't count all possible measurement results.

The significant result is this: Bell incorrectly found the value 2 while QM found 2*sqrt(2) and experiments show that Bell's value is violated but the QM value is never violated. Joy finds **in every case** the value 2*sqrt(2) as the appropriate measure. Since all measurements always fall within this value, the correct inequality IS NEVER VIOLATED.

If correct, then all non-local, non-real, entanglement arguments [ie, all 'spooky' and 'weird' stuff] were based on Bell's incorrect value, and are meaningless!

Of course these 'spooky' and 'weird' arguments have been going on for decades, they have subtly and not-so-subtly affected the minds of most physicists, even to the point that someone as bright as Florin remarked about "has the smell of local realism". Fortunately, Florin has now begun to study Joy's work and seems to have an open mind.

My interest is so strong because my theory is based on local realism.

It is incorrect to think that Joy has arrived at non-locality by other means. He has demolished non-locality. It may take some time to grasp this notion, but I believe that's what will be required. Of course I may be wrong.

I'm glad Florin has committed to studying this issue, as I believe it is the most important issue facing physics today.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

In the interest of keeping 'all things C-field' in one place, I copy the essence of remarks to Peter Jackson, in an attempt to harmonize our theories. In his 2020 essay, under Lorentz Transformation, page 6, he states:

"To keep the new local v below c, for momentum p=mv, the only place for the energy is in m (mass). This predicts a very strange phenomenon..."

The diagrams on page 6...

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Edwin

Good plan keeping these together, this is as my response from my 20-20 string;

I agree we're describing precisely the same event & effect, but from different viewing positions. In a way this proves local (subjective) reality, which I briefly cover in the essay; Every signal in passage to every observer has to negotiate various 'barbers shops' to get there. They therefore MUST look different on arrival.

Rare twins unaffected by varying gravity, frame transitions, encounters etc. may keep original concrete reality, and keep open 'mobile phone' lines, until one is changed.

But I invite you to take a step closer to empirical reality with me. Forget 'virtual' particles (your brain gives different connotations to mine). My 'photoelectrons' first came from reality not theory. It's obvious to me you haven't done the homework on collider physics or followed the Ref's. These things are real. They bounce off the walls causing damage. They were seen when the first electron was accelerated in a vacuum and have been a massive (lol) problem at the Tevatron and LHC ever since. They propagate in a cloud around the proton bunches (etc) exponentially with speed. They also propagate standing similar clouds around the magnets. Great effort is put in to trying to minimise them as they increase energy bills unacceptably, absorbing vast amounts of accelerator energy. (densities up to 10^13/mm^-3)

They also oscillate and give off radiation, f subject to speed. (similar to the radiation we find in the uneven CMB picture). Now consider Bragg - because these are bit like FM radio oscillators that modulates em waves so we can hear things like pennies drop with 20-20 hearing and 'vision', and at the right wave arrival (after modulation) rate, (think local 'c'), however many 'barbers' the signal has visited on the way, and whatever their relative approach speed.

If you also look at actual space exploration results from shocks you'll find the same 'plasma' particles at densities & frequencies subject to mass and speed through the vacuum, refracting light in what becomes gentle curves subject to plasma density.

Does that ding a Bell somewhere?

Peter

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Peter,

A quick search on 'virtual particles' turns up:

"Virtual particles are a language invented by physicists in order to talk about processes in terms of the Feynman diagrams. These diagrams are a shorthand ..."

http://www2.slac.stanford.edu/vvc/theory/virtual.html: "Particle physicists talk about these processes as if the particles exchanged in the intermediate stages of a diagram are actually there, but they are really only part of a quantum probability calculation. It is meaningless to argue whether they are or are not there, as they cannot be observed."

On the other hand, Gordon Kane says: "Virtual particles are indeed real particles. Quantum theory predicts that every particle spends some time as a combination of other particles in all possible ways."

Whereas a search on "what are photoelectrons": "photoelectron - an electron that is emitted from an atom or molecule by an incident photon." or "an electron that has gained kinetic energy from a photon."

So Peter, I have no problem with photoelectrons. Virtual particles are more tentative with me.

I'm still trying to get through your other writing, but have gotten sidetracked with Brian Whitworth's fascinating essay, which I think follows current theories to (perhaps) their natural conclusion.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

My essay deals with 'local realism' and Brian Whitworth has written a wonderful essay based on taking the failure of local realism to its (perhaps) logical conclusion. The following summarizes points that I've made on Brian's thread.

He responded by saying: "If the properties of a photon can change en route, without physical intervention... isn't the objective reality hypothesis conceded?"

But I do not propose "without physical intervention", in which case there is no violation of Bell's inequality. It's only violated when photons are treated differently by polarizers or beam splitters, and this *is* physical intervention. If the choice is to give up local realism or to believe that a beam splitter has a physical effect on a photon, the choice is easy.

Since the C-field described in my essay accompanies every 'object' with momentum (fig on page 6), there is definitely a 'mass-sensitive' field involved passing through the polarizing beam splitter. Recent experiments (discussed in other comments) lend credibility to the gravito-magentic (C) field, whereas, after 80 years, we still don't know what a 'quantum field' is. He is "letting the quantum fields be real, not just mathematical fictions" I suggest that the C-field is at least as reasonable as a quantum field.

Brian says "the VR conjecture moves the word "physical" from the realism to the locality definitions." I will spend some time trying to absorb this.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

A brief summary:

Entanglement experiments imply that local realism is false because they violate Bell's inequality based on D'Espagnat's 3 assumptions: local realism, Einstein locality, and logical induction, as Brian points out. But if properties change en route (due to interaction with the apparatus) then violation of Bell's inequality does not imply that properties don't exist until measured.

And if properties do exist, then all relevant properties are expected to conserve momentum and energy. (Brian says: "ensure a constant spin zero" or "Keep one black if the other is white.") But then there is no necessary 'non-localism' since the existence of conserved properties means that if one is known, then the other is known. There's no need for 'spooky' communications between Bob and Alice's locations.

Why is this not obvious? Because Copenhagen 'superposition of states' inherently does away with realism in favor of mysticism, claiming quantum objects are 'ghostly' until measured. More than anything, this probably derives from two-slit experiments, but the same C-field 'pilot wave' that I claim interacts with beam splitters would also interact with two slit apparatus, potentially explaining interference observed by experiment.

Brian's point 8: "Superposition. Objective entities cannot spin in two directions at once as quantum entities do...". The physical fact is that a magnetic field can only measure along one axis at once, and this has been distorted by probabilistic representation into spinning in two directions at once.

There seems to be inconsistency here. On the one hand, "properties cannot change en route without physical intervention" while on the other hand, "properties are in a 'state of superposition' described only statistically by a probability wave function. If only probability applies, why can't things change? One assumes that they are changing until the superposed wave function is measured, 'collapsing' the wave function (ie, the in-transit object) into a real, albeit unpredictable state.

The necessity for probability implies an essential randomness, to which I'll return later, but if things can't change, then they are predictable, and if they are only statistically predictable, who's to say they can't change? (This is only a logical point as I contend they do change upon contact with the apparatus.)

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin

I'll read Brian's essay, but I agree with you entirely. When you see my papers you'll find some simple slit experiments showing interference even when one direct path is blocked. This is consistent with the 'edge' of the blocking strip absorbing and re emitting the photon/wave signal, slightly scattered. This is entirely equivalent to both QED and atomic scattering - where we know...

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Interesting essay, we know already but interesting.

You are a founder of several societies in silicon vally, wawwww I am impressed.hihihihi

You have invented a consScious robot it's that.Let's laugh it's good for health.Hope I don't offense you, after all wa have all the same age.13.7 hihihi

Can I speak with him.After all it's a robot with quantum spheres....H...

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Steve,

Your self-taught English far exceeds my self-taught French, but you need to read more closely. Nowhere do I claim to have designed a conscious robot. I define consciousness as awareness plus volition (free will) and no robot will ever have awareness or free will (although guided randomness may simulate free will). What my bio states is that I designed robotic experiments of the kind King describes in the most recent Scientific American magazine and as described in Science in 2009. (Automating Science, Science Vol 324 3 Apr 2009 ) and also described in my book "Automatic Theory of Physics" (Amazon).

I also answered these question listed in Appendix A of my essay:

Q1 How to reduce an indefinite number of measurements to finite number of features.

Q2 What is the criterion for "best" feature set?

Q3 How can we obtain the best feature set?

Q4 How will we describe the dynamical behavior of the object?

Q5 What is the best physical theory?

Steve ask yourself how you would design and program a robot to make measurements, say of visual data, and derive rules of behavior of the observed entities (ie, physics) after extracting features through clustering operations on the data. If you can do this (I did and others did in 2009) then you will have a "robot physicist" who made observations and derived a theory. It is 'automated' or 'automatic' theorization, but the robot is never aware and never has free will, so is never conscious.

As a side point, I left NASA decades ago and founded companies, not societies. Finally Steve, if you compare your recent messages to those of two years ago, you will find that your messages were much clearer then. Try to slow down and not take things too seriously.

Your friend,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Steve Dufourny replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 10:37 GMT

Hello,

Beautiful answer.

It's clearer for me now.

You know I have a big problem with languages.

In fact I study only words in English and spanish and italian(latin language)

I study dutch also(second language of my country,germanic language)

My aim is to speak chinese and indian soon also.And arab.It's difficult the chinese you know,more than 4000 signs.The japanese is easier for the number of signs.

Thus of course you imagine why I mix .But I love studying a little of all.

At this momment I restudy my maths and I search a serie for the number of spheres.The algebras sing with the geometry of sphere.

It's difficult also for me to be more quiet due to my past and my parano.

For my theory, I must be serious, it's not a fun for me but it's all my life.

For your essay.....very interesting and relevant.Good luck.

Your friend also

Steve

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Steve Dufourny replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 10:46 GMT

With humility and I am sure.

you ask

"Q5 What is the best physical theory?"

Simply it's the Theory of spherization, quantum spheres ....build....cosmological spheres and its lifes and cosnciousness and they turn around the universal center, the biggest volume of sphere(different than the universal sphere and its membran limiting the physicality and the unknown.....and ALL THAT INSIDE A BEAUTIFUL SPHERE IN OPTIMIZATION AND IMPROVEMENT.

It was only simple like that but to see this evidence, a lot of studyings in all centers of interest is essential.We see in the details the generality of our laws.

Regards

Steve

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 9, 2011 @ 21:26 GMT

Dear Steve,

When I ask the question, "What is the best physical theory?" I am doing so in the framework in which the 'robot' is processing measurement data, extracting features, applying dynamical descriptions, and formulating a theory, but not necessarily a unique theory. Therefore the question relates to the use of entropy or other means of deciding between two or more theories that describe the same experiments. It is definitely not to be interpreted as my 'opinion' of what is the best theory.

The answer that I derive is based on Gibbs theorem showing that if a hypothesis, Hj, exists such that prediction, p(Zi|Hj) coincides with the experimental frequency Ai, its credibility p(Hj|A1, A2, ...An) will exceed that of any other hypothesis. If large numbers of experiments are performed, the difference in credibility will be enhanced, leading to the selection of Hj as the most credible of the competing hypotheses.

Its a mathematical decision of what is the best theory, not a personal one.

Thanks for you bringing this confusion to my attention.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Peter, I will look at the links you sent. On a side note, I don't want in any way to appear to be 'double teaming' Brian Whitworth. You dumped a dozen or so points on him. I'm trying to focus on the key point, local realism, as the rest of his essay depends on it.

Respected Sir,

We are highly embarrassed by your invitation to an amateur in the field like us to comment on your highly respected work. Yet, finding many similarities between our views and the fact that you are associated with an organization that is a pioneer in the field of research to understand most of the mysteries of the universe has emboldened us to respond. Kindly forgive our...

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Dear Basudeba,

You are overly deferential, but I appreciate your comments. We seem to agree on many things, and even where you may think we disagree on math, I am merely contending that math arises in our universe, not as a Platonic "other".

I am uncertain as to your interpretation that the Master equation and its consequences do not derive from fundamental principles. It derives from logic, which I consider to be the most fundamental of all principles, essentially demanding physical non-contradiction. Given only one entity in the universe, the primordial field, that entity can only evolve through interaction with itself. There is nothing else to interact with or govern its interaction. This leads to a symbolic Master equation which, considered in light of real physics measurement and history can reasonably be interpreted to be the most general mathematical operator, the directional derivative or tangent vector and the field interpreted as gravity.

Each of us has to choose, from the myriad topics of physics, where to place emphasis. Many focus on special relativity, however that is not an area that unduly perturbs me. Similarly, gravitational versus inertial mass seems consistent with my theory and I have therefore not focused on this issue. The equivalence principle seems OK to me. I do not recall seeing your discussion of inertial and gravitational mass and your ratio mg/mi, so I cannot comment here. I have no current opinion on sterile neutrinos, either.

In short, I agree with a number of your statements, as you do with mine, and thank you for looking at my essay and responding.

Good luck in the contest.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

basudeba mishra replied on Jan. 18, 2011 @ 08:24 GMT

Dear Sir,

By fundamental principles we meant, evolutionary statements beginning with creation. All our theories flow from the single source of creation. In stead of Big Bang, we accept Big Bounce. From this we derive multiverses. In the process, we derive the primary field for each universe with its five different manifestations. The same mechanism evolves all other forces that logically flow from one another. These forces confine different localities to create different structures. The interaction between these structures and forces give different results than their interaction with the primary field. This creates the secondary field, which you describe as locality. From this we have derived the other extensions to predict the results earlier. Entanglement is related to both fields. But the results are different in each field. We find that you mix up these fields (our definition of fields) on many occasions.

We differ from the modern theories widely in many areas. For example, we do not accept the Coulomb's law. We accept the opposite and accept the seemingly attraction of opposite charges from our concept of particles and fields. Our description of the atomic structure is much more elaborate. Thus, we explain the double slit experiment and the diffraction experiment differently. From this we have theoretically derived the charge of the quarks, proton, neutron etc and the value of the fine structure constant reported earlier. These predictions can be verified. This will provide the validity of our theory or otherwise. Similarly, only by treating gravity as a composite force, we have been able to explain the various anomalies.

Once again we repeat Sir, we are an arm chair scientist and not an experimental scientist. Hence our observations and theories are subject to physical verification. But we find many inconsistencies in modern physics and attribute reductionism, superstition and the cult of incomprehensibility for the present state of affairs. The colossal waste of public money in chasing mirages like the LHC Experiment pain us. It is high time someone should stand up and call a spade a spade. Hence we thought that we may point to the truth of the Emperor's new cloth.

Regards,

basudeba.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 24, 2011 @ 04:33 GMT

Dear basudeba mishra,

I am not a fan of big bounces or multiverses, or any other attempts to go beyond the physical limits of our universe. I also believe that the simplest possible solution is the best solution, and I can conceive of nothing simpler than 'one field'.

While the LHC may be a waste of money, nevertheless it is necessary to distinguish between the many theories that have arisen, many of which make different predictions. If absolutely no new particles are found (as has more or less been the case for forty years now) then, given current economics, it will be exponentially harder to justify an expensive 'follow-on' collider. This is one reason I expect the LHC to stretch things out as long as possible.

But because we are able, with our wonderful imaginations, to think up many explanations, it will always be necessary for physical experiments to be performed, and when that is no longer feasible, physics will be dead.

My belief is that a simple theory (such as my own), which accounts for all known particles, and would likely be disrupted by new particles (other than resonances) will only be accepted after other particles are not found. This will simply move the action to cosmology and material physics.

We are a long way from resolving the issues, but fqxi is to be thanked for allowing us to present our ideas.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

From a comment I made to Peter Jackson:

I don't believe that 'empty space' exists, as I believe gravity to be a continuous field filling space everywhere. Frank Wilczek seems to say the same about 'quantum fields' everywhere in space, but I reject 'quantum fields'. If gravity is the primordial or underlying field, then it may provide the 'medium' in which E and M trade energy as the photon travels, and the C-field circulation, as explained in my essay, helps conserve the photon's inertial momentum.

You state that "Max Planck's proposal of a compressible aether, more dense at the surface countered Lorentz's first objection...[but not] that the speed of light would be affected by density." It is along these lines that I think my equation 7 may have relevance, when the right hand side is viewed as variation of density. I haven't yet worked out the case of photons traversing a region of space, (dV =dx**3), subject to

d(t)/dV = d(m)/dx --- (in units of Planck action, h) .

The 'time dilation' dt, here would seem to imply that a distributed light wave/photon would 'bend' as a function of the variation in mass density, dm/dx, (where, in the most general case, dm is the change in gravitational energy with x.) This is for an extended wave front traversing a variable density region at right angles to the variation in density. If the direction of the photons is parallel to the direction of maximum variation, then we have Pound-Rebka type of dilation.

I am very interested in applying equation 7, derived in a straightforward manner from my generalized Heisenberg principle, which in turn fell right out of my Master equation, which is essentially a fundamental statement of logic.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

basudeba replied on Jan. 19, 2011 @ 06:17 GMT

Dear Sir,

We have some comments on your post above.

We do not accept empty space or quantum fields because of fundamental reasons. Space is the interval between objects. Hence empty space means the absence of objects. Since only objects are perceptible directly and forces are perceptible through their effect on objects, absence of objects to be described as empty space does not make sense. The space, that is the interval, is always empty - without objects - irrespective of the measure of its separation.

Quantum fields does not make sense because it is an oxymoron. Quantum is digital, but fields are analog. We cannot have a digitized analog description.

You say: "gravity is the primordial or underlying field, then it may provide the 'medium' in which E and M trade energy as the photon travels, and the C-field circulation". Also: "a distributed light wave/photon would 'bend' as a function of the variation in mass density, dm/dx, (where, in the most general case, dm is the change in gravitational energy with x.)". We agree with this description with some modification.

Firstly, fields and forces are not the same. There is a fundamental reason why fields behave the way they are perceived. The perceived effect of such behavior is the force. We go beyond gravity, as we consider it as the first perceptible force only for structure formation and stabilization. We consider it to be a generated force, which gave rise to all other forces. We have a complete model, which we will publish soon.

We also have a different definition for time dilation. We accept that time has a directionality. This we have proved in our essay. We also accept that the forces behave in the same way in all frames of references. Thus, time evolution of all objects follow a similar process. Since time is the interval between events (physical changes with time), and since we treat elasticity as the third inertia, based on modifications of Newton's third law, we prove that all evolutions are cyclic. These cycles are different from one system to another based on the local dynamics. When we compare time evolution of two different systems subjected to different local dynamics, we find an anomally that we call as time dilation. We consider photon as a particle that moves through a field. Since the field interacts with the particle in specific ways that appear as the force, the photon bends as per the same principle.

In short, we have a complete model of an alternative theory that can explain all physical interactions classifying it to 122 categories. In this system, gravity is a composite force of (3, 5, 7 and 11 varieties).

Regards,

basudeba.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 24, 2011 @ 04:01 GMT

Dear basudeba,

It seems that we agree on a few things. Everyone seems to have their own idea of time. Of course I know that forces and fields are not the same.

As you see if you have studied my essay, I attempt to explain everything from one primordial field. The field that seems to make the most sense and leads to an explanation of 'everything' is the gravity field. In my mind I am quite certain that gravity is not a composite of (3, 5, 7 and 11 varieties). Nor do I wish to contemplate "all physical interactions classifying it to 122 categories".

We probably will not be able to resolve these differences such that both of our theories are compatible, but thank you for the observations.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Show that FM waves also violate the superposition law.

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Hi Ed,

We had been talking about GEM on Philip's site, and I thought it was appropriate to move here. This is a copy of my latest post on Philip's site:

Dear Friends,

I think that Chiao and Podkletnov are doing similar things in that they are using electromagntic fields and charges on superconducting materials to try to generate gravity. The idea goes back to DeWitt's idea that a spinning electron might couple to spacetime curvature. Chiao is using interferometer techniques that might be more accurate than Podkletnov's. In my Quantum Statistical Grand Unified Theory, photons and gravitons are different quantum occupation states of the Grand Unified Mediating (GUM) boson. The question then arises "How does a GUM boson transition from photon-like properties to graviton-like properties?"

From what I have read of Ed's ideas, I really thought that GEM was a rotational gravitational effect. And though this concept might couple to generational effects and/or QCD, I don't think it is directly coupled with Electromagnetism, but magnetism is a great analogy.

Should we move these conversations to Ed's site?

Have Fun!

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"But there is a simple alternative to [Zeilinger's] analysis. If one or more twins dyes his hair enroute, Bell's inequality will be violated, yet local realism exists."

This of course refers to macroworld Bell tests, where the original EPR locality and realism assumptions do indeed hold. In fact I've never known Bell to be violated in the macroworld (i.e., using macroscopic objects) unless entanglement is somehow simulated (as in Diederik Aert's twin-vessels-connected-by-a-tube gedanken). I'm not disputing the possibility but could you construct a table showing how it could happen in the case of Zeilinger's twins, with one changing his hair color? You certainly can't fool Bell with Venn diagrams, since the Inequality is also fundamental classical macroworld logic. Nor with containers of food pulled out of a kitchen cabinet, nor with collections of keys, coins and so forth.

"Solar neutrinos change enroute from the sun; why not photons?"

Have Bell tests been conducted using neutrinos? What neutrino properties change?

What about Leggett-Garg experimental tests (conducted by both the Zeilinger and Gisin groups to Leggett's specifications, and resulting in violation of realism in all nonlocal realistic theories except Bohm's -- which itself is challenged by the before-before experiments)? What about Charles Tresser's conclusion that Bell tests specifically disprove microworld realism, with the locality assumption Occamizable out of the picture?

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nikman,

Most of the Phys Rev Letters papers on entanglement (my main source) are difficult to understand or argue with, unless one is a specialist in that area. I read many of them, but am no expert. However I believe that when world-class experts write a 'popular' book, one can learn something. After reading Gilder's intro to "The Age of Entanglement" I then read Zeilinger's "Dance of...

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Ray Munroe replied on Jan. 15, 2011 @ 03:29 GMT

Dear Ed,

Lawrence and I have corresponded quite a bit, and our approaches are more similar than you might realize. Certainly, he is more mathematical than I am, and his attack is more concentrated on Black Holes, whereas I'm attacking fundamental particles. The more that I study these TOE ideas, the more I think we are all tackling different parts of the same thing. I think that the TOE is a union of Strings and Kissing Spheres (CDT) all at the same time, as I present in my upcoming essay.

Your GEM is a triality. I interpret Color as a quartality (leptons carry the neutral color "white" [in my Hyperflavor theory] or "violet" [in Pati-Salam theory] - you will see these ideas in Garrett Lisi's Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything, and in my 2009 FQXi essay) and Generations as the only true trialty. I have studied this G2 triality of generations since 2008 (Lawrence and I have corresponded at length about this symmetry), and I think this is related to the 3x3 CKM and 3x3 PMNS matrices (and a Unified CKM-PMNS matrix). I honestly think that this is the part of the puzzle that you may be addressing with GEM. I agree that there should be more to gravity than what we know via Relativity - whether "more" is quantum and/or "magnetic" rotational gravity.

Good Luck and Have Fun!

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 15, 2011 @ 03:42 GMT

Ray,

A brief reply to your first comment above. Until recently I had not given much consideration to the coupling of the GEM field to the electromagnetic field. It is trivially coupled via charged particles through the two Lorentz force equations. EM couples to charge and GEM couples to mass, and since all charged particles have mass (if not vice-versa) then all charged particles couple these fields through their very existence. Interestingly, the only common term to all of the 'magnetic' Lorentz forces is the particle's velocity.

But as I indicated above, I have recently been working on the coupling of the fields without charged mass, and think I have some exciting results. I hope to say more soon.

Thanks again,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Lawrence B Crowell replied on Jan. 15, 2011 @ 13:31 GMT

The N-qubit entanglements of states and black holes is equivalent to states in the AdS_7. In fact as you mention triality, this does involve a triality with the SO(8). This means the qubits have an equivalency with the ∂AdS_7 = E^6 = CY^6, where CY are Calabi-Yau spaces. The triality with the SO(8) is induced by a G_2 holonomy with a 3-form that on the boundary is the CY-3 form. So the qubits on a black hole (or AdS) are identified with the spectrum of elementary particles.

Cheers LC

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Edwin,

I reading through various of the conversations, you have made comments which suggest you think of space as fundamentally flat, yet you mention to me that Big Bang/Inflationary cosmology is necessary to your theory. The problem is that curved space is integral to this view of the universe, because if it is an expansion in otherwise flat space, then we would have to be at the center of the universe, given that redshift is directly proportional to distance and there is no lateral motion to match that implied by redshift. The only way to describe every point as appearing as the center of an expanding universe, is if space is fundamentally curved within the bubble of the universe.

As I've raised the point, probably not so clearly in my essay, since it is supposed to focus on digital vs. analog, one way to have overall flat space, with every point appearing as the center, is for the outward curvature between galaxies to be balanced by the inward curvature within them. Thus every point is the center of its own horizon of how far light that doesn't curve into gravity can travel across the outward curvature of intergalactic space before being completely redshifted off the spectrum. The problem is that this yields an overall stable universe, so any material properties currently attributed to the initial singularity would have to be explained by the possibilities of an infinite and eternal universe.

Given the issues I recently raised in the New Year, New Universe blog posting, about a recently discovered galaxy cluster at 12.6 billion light years, I do think it worth considering.

http://www.fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/802

Not that I think of space as being fundamentally curved, since it has no physical properties and so cannot be curved, expanded, bounded, etc.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 16, 2011 @ 02:23 GMT

John, as stated on another thread, my theory depends upon a big bang in order to, first, have sufficiently strong C-fields to create the particles we find in the universe, and second, to reach a point where such particle creation 'stops'. There are also symmetry breaking issues here that seem necessary to me to match our current universe.

In addition, as difficult as it is to comprehend the big bang, as an event in which 'something' proceeds from a state of 'nothing', it is even more difficult (I would say impossible) for me to imagine an everlasting infinite space in which we still need to evolve in some reasonable manner the physical universe we find ourselves in. That may simply be my problem?

Also, I don't really understand "the outward curvature between galaxies to be balanced by the inward curvature within them". It may make sense, but I don't understand it.

In short, with an almost infinitely variable physical universe one has to pick and choose the problems to be solved. I have chosen what I consider the most significant aspects of reality and the most logical 'initial assumption' (that is, one field and one field only as the starting point) and attempted to evolve in a physically reasonable way the current state of the universe. I consider myself successful in this endeavor, but that leaves room for a very large number of specific instances and interpretations that I have not covered. I believe that this is inherent in the very process of such theorizing, since no one person can hope to solve every problem that others are concerned with.

Again, as stated elsewhere, I consider the solution and or explanation of real physical anomalies, that everyone seems to agree are real, but no one has an explanation for, to be a better approach than to concern myself with Planck energies and multi-verses, that will probably never be available for inspection, and at best will be exceedingly indirectly implied. That, to me, is mathematics, whereas explaining real physical anomalies that are known to exist, is physics.

Finally, I make predictions, about Higgs, SUSY, axions, and other possible LHC results, so that in only a very few years my theory will look better or worse.

I am not downplaying your concerns, and I don't have immediate answers to them, I am just trying to explain why I am taking the approach that I do.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 16, 2011 @ 02:35 GMT

John, I just realized that I didn't answer your first question, which concerned the place of curvature in a basically 'flat' universe. I have stated that the preferred framework for dealing with black holes and neutron stars is the idea of curved space, based on deforming the metric rather than upon a 'potential' framework. Look at Sweetser's beautiful diagram in my essay.

There appear to be experiments that show that gravity is not simply 'geometry' and, if so, then deformable 'geometry' is simply another mathematical tool that has areas of application. Until we found out that space appears to be flat, the area of application for such could have been the entire universe. Now it appears to be a more limited subset of the physical universe.

Finally, I have focused much more of my efforts on particle physics than I have on cosmology, for the simple reason that particle physics seems to change only by a few percent these days, while within the last year or so I read things like, "the Milky Way is twice as thick as we thought", and, just last month I read "there are three times as many stars as we thought." In other words, I don't trust the cosmological numbers, and therefore don't get overly concerned about "a recently discovered galaxy cluster at 12.6 billion light years", which you do think worth considering.

John Merryman replied on Jan. 16, 2011 @ 19:27 GMT

Edwin,

I agree we necessarily need to focus on those areas which we have a reasonable grasp, which is why I'm not commenting on the body of your work. I only raise the issue because I do strongly feel that the Big Bang model is slowly crumbling and only continues due to the willingness of the cosmology community to accept increasingly fantastical patches in order to avoid having to admit the holes they cover are far more serious than they care to consider.

As you say, they keep finding ever more characteristics of the universe which completely alter what was previously thought, so it may well be there are processes going on that would account for those features currently ascribed to the singularity.

If I may, I would like to repeat the point which did raise my ire, in explaining a 12.6 billion year old galaxy cluster within BBT. What everyone seems to conveniently ignore is that all these galaxies did not, theoretically, coalesce out of the initial singularity, which theoretically would be quite dense and hot, but out of what existed after the inflation stage. This would have been far more diffuse, given that the inflation stage expanded the universe out the the point that the initial curvature is not measurable. Which is effectively to compare the visible universe to an area on the surface of this planet sufficiently small that the curvature of the planet is not measurable. If you consider this, it would mean that galaxies had to condense out of radiation probably about as dense as the intragalactic, interstellar medium. Ie, slightly more dense than the intergalactic medium. While this is obviously quite possible, it would require an incredible amount of time, so thinking it could have happened in one billion years is ludicrous, since it take almost a quarter of that amount of time for our galaxy to make one rotation. It is, as you say, a real physical anomaly.

Personally I don't have any trouble with the idea that space is infinite, because it solves the entropy/energy problem. Energy is never lost, because it simply radiates out to other areas and is gained by that radiated from other areas. This creates horizon lines, as we can only detect out to the distance radiation can travel before it becomes too diffuse to detect.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 17, 2011 @ 02:16 GMT

John,

If the C-field is as strong as I think it is, it could be involved in galaxy formation and speed things up. And in fact, I've seen reports that most spiral galaxies seem to be aligned with the 'axis of evil', which would be another indicator for the C-field, but I'm not sure that that report held up, so I'm not counting on it.

Not only can I not really imagine infinite and everlasting space-time, but I find it unaesthetic, so I hope you're wrong, but it's interesting reading your reasoning.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

John Merryman replied on Jan. 17, 2011 @ 03:08 GMT

Edwin,

One way or another, we are just scratching the surface.

Infinity seems difficult to avoid, because any boundary invariably raises the question of what is beyond it. So I tend toward horizons as boundaries. We need limitation in order to have definition.

Absolute would be equally 'unaesthetic,' because both tend toward utterly flatline neutral. Absolute, because it is inherently so and infinity because all detail is scaled away. Neither can be measured because they defy the concept of measurement.

Then again maybe the axis of evil is a line of polarity and our universe is one bit part....

I will make one prediction though; By 2020, the idea that the universe is only 13.7 billion years old will be nothing more than an embarrassing memory, as the shadows of ever more distant galaxy clusters are detected in the background radiation.

Possibly to the point that this background radiation is considered to consist of energy from ever more distant galaxies that has been completely redshifted off any part of the wave spectrum that would allow us to pinpoint, ie. see its source. That these waves have been so shifted, they appear flat black.

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Relevant info--- Jason Wolfe made remarks on Peter Jackson's page that bear repeating with respect to my essay. He points out that "one particle is its own reference frame." Peter has quoted Einstein saying much the same thing, and the figure on page 6 in my essay shows how this fits my theory. Jason then states:

"...redshift reduces the frequency, and therefore reduces the information content that is being carried..."

I hadn't thought of that. I asked on another thread, months ago, just exactly when it became gospel that information is never lost? I have quantum mechanics texts from the 1930's (Dirac) to the 1980's (Sakurai) and QED and QCD texts from the 90's and 2000's, and I don't recall seeing in any of them that 'information is never lost'. No one answered my question.

But assuming this to be the case, Jason then covers this case by saying:

"But if the photons are again blue shifted, that should recover the information content."

That's a great statement, but it begs the question: Where was the information stored in the intervening period? Also, consider a photon that's never been red-shifted, but then falls into a hole. If it's blue-shifted, then information must be being created.

I'm still interested in the answer to when it became gospel that info is never lost.

Jason's idea is relevant to the interaction between the photon and the C-field.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Ray B. Munroe replied on Jan. 21, 2011 @ 22:02 GMT

Hi Ed,

Certainly in the application of DVD's (red lasers vs. blue lasers) it is appropriate to say that a Blu-Ray disc can hold more information than a standard DVD. But does this analogy apply to Spacetime? Is information lost and regained (How can it be regained? Does digital reconstruction occur?) or is Spacetime simply stretch and compressed? Perhaps Spacetime is compressible (at least to a point?), and it is this property that allows so much information to be stored in a Black Hole. Regardless, I don't think that a physical infinity can exist in our finite Universe, so even a Black Hole has a limit as to how much information it can hold (~10^123).

Have Fun!

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 21, 2011 @ 23:40 GMT

Ray, thanks for the comment. We agree on many things, and I'm still trying to compose a reasonable response on your thread. I also agree about physical infinity being non-existent. I am trying to clean up my remarks to appear on Christi Stoica's essay, which deals with the issue of information. I think this is a point that needs to be understood.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Ray Munroe replied on Jan. 22, 2011 @ 03:17 GMT

Hi Edwin,

Regarding information, I like Stefan Weckbach's essay. I briefly talked about complexergy (complexity - energy), but didn't really talk about information. In my essay, I suggest that Scales mandate all large numbers and their inverses. I think that all large numbers in our observable universe are based on Dirac's Large Number ~10^40 (10^41 is closer to the experimental value, but 40 is a nice round number), and geometrical powers thereof (Note that Stefan's number is approximately this large number cubed - cubed because of 3 spatial dimensions? Likewise, the cosmological constant is approximately the inverse of Stefan's number, so we are dealing with "Infinity" and its inverse as Cristi's essay addressed).

Is information lost? Lawrence and Philip have entangled qubits of strings (with "electric"-like and "magnetic"-like charges) that may keep track of this information of order ~10^120 using the combinatorial spin-flips of, say, 496 (496 is E8xE8*~SO(32)) different "particle states".

Chriti's essay is interesting, but he seems to imply that Spacetime is divisible ad infinitum, and I don't buy that idea. I think that scales collapse these continously "smooth" Spacetime manifolds into discrete lattice structures. What lattice structure? I'm not certain, although FCC, BCC, HCP, graphene, buckyball, and diamond structures are all worthy case studies.

Also, Christi implies that these infalling particles can be separated by "zero" distance. I don't think it is exactly "zero", but rather the inverse of a very large scale number. Even IF it this distance of separation is exactly zero in the x, y, and z coordinates, these "degeneracies" could still be broken by other dimensions, such as string theory's hyperspace.

I didn't consider the core purpose of these essays to address information, but we seem to be going in that direction...

Have Fun!

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Steve Dufourny replied on Jan. 22, 2011 @ 12:54 GMT

Ray,

always a mixing with some names of pseudos extrapolations.

Conclusion You need to restudy your foundamentals and you need to buy an other t shirt ahahaha.

Are you really conscient of what you say in fact ??? I doubt.Like many You speak and that's all.You proof in fact your errors in live.

The most impressing is that some doctors are so vanitious, that's implies that they continue in their road and in fact they don't continue to learn the foundamentals.In fact it's just a play for recognizing.

It's the reason why probably they speak always about the same stupidities.

A real open minded accepts the foundamentals and rationalities, it's only simple like thaty, when a people is right, I accept.It's the real soul , the real mind of a real searcher of truth.

Diract large number??? Can you inert it where you want for the study of the real number of entanglement, I doubt, and even for the calculation of the infinite spaces, thus like I said, totally withut sense.

Spheres entanglerment and lattices(FCC,...)???? where uis the real fractal and the latticers between spheres if the number is finite,and the volumes increase towards the center ,and the number decreases towards this center.Futhermore the expansion contraction must be inserted in the two senses, quantic and cosmolog.

qbits of strings????? you confound really the computing and the reality,the duality is logic and the system is finite.The oscillations are correlated with spinning spheres an their volumes.The sense of rotations spin. and orb. are essential.

Extradimensions E x....???? a pure joke ....I have an idea, you must rethought your interpretation of the - the 0 and the infinity.

Regards

Steve

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 22, 2011 @ 23:00 GMT

Ray,

I agree that information seems to be playing a large role in these essays. I'm not opposed to that, but as I've stated numerous times, I don't really believe that any one 'understands' information, other than in a superficial, mathematical fashion. There are far too many attempts to treat information (or a 'bit' of information) as a particle, which I take to be wholly misplaced. Information is not a particle and a bit of information is not a particle. Information may not even be physical, in the way normally meant, unless 'physical' incorporates consciousness in some manner as indicated in my previous essay. The fact that information relates to the physical world, but also to learning, intelligence, and wisdom, let alone both computation and communications bandwidth, tells me that information is a very complex thing to understand. Reductionists may believe that 'wisdom' is an abstraction, but I doubt that you do.

There are treatments of information as relating to the area of a black hole that, in addition to treating info as particles, are not even necessary. I believe that I have derived the exact same results (ie equations) without even introducing the concept of information. More on this later. In some ways I hope that a future fqxi contest may focus on 'holographic' physics, as I have much to say on this topic. I also believe that 'entanglement' is a major source of confusion, as I've indicated in other remarks.

Ray, I don't have strong opinions on the 'big numbers'. My theory starts with Newton's gravitational constant (set to one) and then demands Planck's constant, and then a maximum speed of light, which leads to charge and the fine structure constant, and then a new constant kappa (~ 10**31). That's about it. As I mentioned, I can explain relative mass order of all charged particles, but I cannot derive the actual mass spectrum (yet).

I can see how a lattice-based approach may need more numbers, including large numbers, but I haven't needed them and don't have opinions. Physics theories clearly need numbers, but also need to avoid 'numerology'. I'll try to pay more attention to these issues.

Finally, I tend to agree with your statements about Cristi's essay, but read his answers to me. I think he explains his position very well.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Cristi Stoica's most impressive essay treats identical points that can exist with no distance between them and still retain their identity, with focus on loss of information at a singularity.

But in Feynman diagrams two identical particles can enter into an interaction and two identical particles can exit the interaction, and it is impossible to track the identity through the interaction--they may, or may not, have switched places. I don't believe there is even the need for assuming zero distance between them. That is, we apparently don't need a singularity to lose track of identity.

I find the idea that black holes can evaporate and all the 'information inside' be reconstructed ridiculous, but I know that others do not. Yet, why would one insist that such is the case? The implication seems to be that both classical and quantum time evolution laws are violated if info is lost. As noted Jason Wolfe points out that when photons are red-shifted, they lose information

Yet if, as many fqxi'ers seem to believe, the real nature of time is essentially NOW, and Einstein's block time is an illusion, or at least a mathematical extrapolation that goes beyond reality, then what seems to be necessary is a physics that accurately describes interactions taking place NOW.

But can we have gotten to NOW by two (or more) different paths, based on different initial and/or boundary conditions? A sort of generalization of the Feynman example above.

So has anyone proved the 'uniqueness' of the history leading up to NOW?

I'm of the opinion that, as Feynman said of QM, no one understands information. Some big names treat information as if it is a particle. Information is not a particle. I am not sure what is even meant when one speaks of 'information at a point of space', whether or not a zero or finite distance from another point.

So is our current physical state of existence NOW reachable (in theory) by two or more different histories. It seems to me that only a probabilistic answer is possible, and when probability enters the picture, information becomes even more complicated.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Cristinel Stoica replied on Jan. 22, 2011 @ 19:07 GMT

Hi Eugene,

your questions show that you are a careful and thoughtful reader. It was a pleasure to see your questions, which I did my best to address on the page of my essay, where you asked them originally.

Best regards,

Cristi Stoica

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 22, 2011 @ 22:31 GMT

Dear Cristi,

I find your answers enlightening. Thanks for the explanations. You do have an excellent grasp of the issues. Interested readers should follow the link provided to your answers.

Dear Ray,

Part of a response I gave to Cristi Stoica relates to your statement that, "satisfying the Coleman-Mandula theorem is the crux of that balance."

Cristi made the point that, "in Quantum Theory the time evolution is unitary, hence the information is preserved." I agree but think the following relevant:

Martinus Veltman notes that Feynman rules are derived using the U-matrix, even though formal proofs exist that the U-matrix does not exist. (Diagrammatica, p.183). The U-matrix is unitary by construction, and implies conservation of probability, probability being "the link between the formalism and observed data." In my mind, this leaves some room for 'free will' in the universe, (with consequences for information) but I have not pursued the U-matrix much farther than that. Veltman claims the U-matrix and the equations of motion are to be replaced with the S-matrix, in which the interaction Hamiltonian determines the vertex structure.

The Coleman-Mandula theorem, (according to Wikipedia) states that "the only conserved quantities in a "realistic" theory with a mass gap, apart from the generators of the Poincare group, must be Lorentz scalars." But this seems to constrain only symmetries of the S-matrix itself, not "spontaneously broken symmetries which don't show up directly on the S-matrix limit."

As the 'scattering' matrix is used to make sense of particle collisions, this seems reasonable, but 'scattering' of particles is a very artificial (if necessary) way of studying particles, that may attach undue importance to symmetry and, as I've noted in my essay, leads to a Lagrangian that is based on inventing fields, whether or not those fields actually exist in nature. If they can be solved for then they are considered in some way 'real', and this leads, IMHO, to much of the confusion today.

Veltman states that "unitarity, Lorentz invariance, locality, etc, are in some sense interchangeable." This seems problematical in light of today's push to banish locality from QM.

I don't claim to understand the solution to these problems, just to note that there seems to be some circular logic going on, and I'm not sure that logic is preserved around a complete loop of the circle.

This is part of the reason I start with the logic of one field, and work from there, ignoring, for the most part, the established formalism's of QM and GR if they don't map 100 percent into my model in a way that will satisfy experts in either field.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

To all,

This is written to explain my final equation for those who do not speak partial differential equations or are not comfortable with such. It's obvious that I think it is a beautiful equation, and do not wish to limits its appreciation to only those familiar with PDEs.

The equation reads phonetically: partial-sub-rho(time) = partial-sub-x(mass)

What is shown in the derivation (in an appendix), but not explicitly shown in the final equation, is that the units are inverse Planck's constant, that is, the right hand side is "per unit of action".

Now partial-sub-rho(time), where rho stands for volume, means "the change of time in a region of space".

and partial-sub-x(mass), where x stands for distance, means "the change of mass with distance" (across the region of space).

The result is a simple equation that represents space, time, distance, and mass in quantum units of action.

Now this probably won't make much sense if you think of solid mass, like a chunk of lead, but if you think that a gravitational field (in a volume of space) has energy (proportional to the field squared, like all fields, according to Maxwell) and use Einstein's E=mc**2, then we can think of the change in the gravity (across the region) where the distance x is the 'width' of the region in the direction of maximum gravitational change. It usually helps to draw a picture at this point where each side is represented.

So we have a change in time (time dilation) in a region where we have a change in the gravitational field energy/mass and the two are related. This simple (and beautiful) equation fell right out of my generalized Heisenberg quantum relation, which fell right out of my Master equation that claims that if we start with one field, and nothing else in the universe, the field can only evolve by interacting with itself.

For those interested in time dilation, I think this is a unique equation that expresses a quantum way of looking at it.

Even experts in partial differential equations are never hurt by simple explanations, and I hope this helps some by explaining time dilation in a simpler way than it is typically explained.

Regards,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Eugene,

congratulations for your essay, it is impressive but also good looking. I like the search for a final explanation and unity in which you are engaged. I would like to understand more about the fundamental field you propose, maybe you can recommend me a reading to start with. On a general note, I have the feeling that we both think that there is something important about the fact that the topology is more fundamental than the metric. Also, it seems to me that we both think that a spacetime description, such as that of General Relativity, would require a more local approach to Quantum Mechanics.

I wish you success with the contest and with your research,

Cristi Stoica

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 24, 2011 @ 05:43 GMT

Cristi, I will try to recommend the best places to start in a day or so. Thanks for the interest.

**** Special note to all ******

I was surprised by a comment from my friend Ray, who has communicated with me for years now on our theories. Ray said:

"Aren't we both guilty of creating symmetries or fields that haven't yet been observed? My approach anticipates a symmetry between Fermions and Bosons. Your approach anticipates a symmetry between electric-like and magnetic-like...

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Ray Munroe replied on Jan. 28, 2011 @ 19:42 GMT

Hi Ed,

I've been travelling this week, and I'm trying to catch up. I overlooked this post on your blog site earlier this week. Following are some responses that I've already posted on my blog site. I believe that we are close in what we are saying, but we are using different approaches and mathematics. Your approach is closer to a legitimate extension of Maxwell's Equations that have existed for a century. My approach is closer to the S-Duality of String theory that has existed for a couple of decades.

On Jan 24 @ 14:58 GMT , Ray said "Hi Ed,

I apologize for my ignorance. Are these other research papers using the same GEM model as you? I need to read those papers. Also, I had planned to reread your essay, which is why I haven't scored your essay yet. Yes - mass exists and I wouldn't be surpised if magnetic gravity exists. In fact, Coldea et al imply a relation between mass and the golden ratio (in a magnetic quasiparticle application). Check out:

R. Coldea, et al., "Quantum Criticality in an Ising Chain: Experimental Evidence for Emergent E8 Symmetry", Science 327, 177 (2010).

IMHO, the golden ratio emerges from the 5-fold "pentality" symmetry (please see my essay's Appendix Figure) of E8."

On Jan 25 @ 01:10 GMT, Ray said "Hi Ed,

I need to read up on this correction factor of 10^31. In my book, I make a big deal about the fact that there must be more to Gravity. Is it GEM? Is it WIMP-Gravity? Are they all related and mixed up? What symmetries do they imply? My understanding of scales is that you cannot make up 31 orders of magnitude unless you have a strong energy or mass dependance on the coupling (for instance, the Weak force has a mass-squared dependance on coupling which allows it to range from a multiple of the fine-structure constant down to 10^(-13)).

I think the Gravity symmetries from Quaternion and Octonion algebras imply a tetrahedral (4-fold) symmetry SO(4)xSO(5) ~ SO(6)xU(1) ~ SU(4)xU(1), but you have a triangular (3-fold G2-like) symmetry. Somehow this tetrahedron is decomposing - perhaps into a triangle of Space and a broken symmetry of Time. As I've previously said, I think you are addressing the reason for 3 generations (CKM and PMNS matrices), but there may also be an S-duality relationship with QCD (which I consider a 4-fold symmetry: red, green, blue and violet/white).

Fields and Particles are interrelated. I fully expect a "new" field to introduce "new particles"."

Have Fun!

Dr. Cosmic Ray

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Dear Edwin,

I was reading your essay when I noticed that you said,

"Physics should never accept anything “outside time and space”, such as: God, a mathematical universe, a multiverse, laws of physics, more than 4 dimensions. If physics does not grant God legitimacy, it should reject all other appeals to “the beyond”."

Well, it gave me this idea. The quantum vacuum is more than happy to provide an energy content E_BB. It provides this according to the equation,

$E_{BB} + (-E_{BB})=0$

Now, if you're God or at least profoundly more powerful mere mortals, you can take the -E_BB, and perform the following operation,

$U_{GR}=W[-E_{BB}]$

You see,

$WW^{-1}=1$

W is the operator "The Word", and the word was with God, or something like that, I don't count myself as a Christian although I do believe in God. I think that means that

$U_{GR}=W^{-1}[-E_{BB}]$

So God has the matching Word-key to our universe's W^-1 anti-word. That gives the God the power to violate conservation of energy, and to interface with our universe.

Don't panic! I'm not a religious crazy! Accept these thoughts with a dose of humor that someone can actually do shocking things with a little knowledge of quantum mechanics.

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By the way, maybe I didn't define my terms. E_BB is the energy of the Big Bang. The theory is that the quantum aether permits violations to conservation of energy within certain symmetric relationships. Virtual particles can exist for a period of time no greater than Delta E/h. In the case of the Big Bang, the energy had to come from somewhere. I propose that E_BB produced and energy debt -E_BB. We don't observe -E_BB, but we do observe gravity. So I describe gravity as the anti-energy U_GR. But I was just playing around with the

$W^{-1}W=1$

idea.I hope I didn't offend you.

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To All,

In the above comments, and also on others' pages, there is expressed the belief that Peter Jackson's essay on "the Constant Speed of Light" has some very significant ideas, but still needs a few details worked out. I've been working on these details.

I've finally posted a brief pdf that relates to Jackson's essay (while being based on the ideas in my essay.)

GEM and the Constant Speed of Light

Those interested in the physics of the Constant Speed of Light may wish to consult Jackson's essay and my above effort.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Hi Edwin,

I put up a post at my paper in which I make some brief comments on your new and interesting paper.

Willard Mittelman

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This response was posted on Linde's article, "Chaos, Consciousness, and the Cosmos" which is outside of this essay contest. Yet is is relevant to comments made here and on Ray's thread, so I'm repeating it here.

Ray,

Let me hit you with a far-out proposition (not so to me, but to current physicists).

The C-field is a Yang-Mills Calabi-Yau solution to Einstein's equations, and,...

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Steve Dufourny replied on Jan. 29, 2011 @ 12:24 GMT

hihihi poof .....POOF!

Steve

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Hi Edwin,

I just defeated two opponents in battle over at http://www.physforum.com/index.php?showtopic=28869&st=60

In doing so, I've streamlined my argument for the shift photon.

1. What does frequency shift require? A time dilation between two reference frames A and B.

2. How does one get two inertial reference frames to have a time dilation between them. By assuring a gravitational potential energy difference between A and B.

Shift photons are expected to carry a gravitational potential energy

$U = -h\Delta f$

Let's just do the experiment and see if it works.

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In my continuing effort to keep 'all things C-field' in one spot, I copy from a response on Willard Mittelman's page to questions about the electromagnetic field:

The primordial field, in my theory, is gravity. It satisfies the Calabi conjecture and deSitter space, where gravity extends over (defines?) all space, and is generated by its own self energy. This bootstrap is mathematically...

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 30, 2011 @ 20:39 GMT

More C-field summary in response to other's comments and questions:

The 'gravity', G, that I mention is the one we are all familiar with, from Newton to Einstein to Hawking.

The electro-magnetic fields, E and B, we are also familiar with, from Maxwell to Einstein, etc.

The C-field, which I never heard of in my academic career, is the aspect of gravity that has the same relationship to G as the magnetic field has to B in electrodynamics.

E and B can be considered as 'two' fields, or B can be considered as the relativistic aspect of the 'one' E field. The choice, as far as I can tell, is one of convenience.

Now Maxwell, noticing that Newton's equation and Coulomb's equation had identical form, if we replace G by E and mass by charge, postulated that one could perfom this replacement in ALL of Maxwell's field equations. But this left a 'hole'. What was the analog of the magnetic field? This is the C-field, which he called the gravito-magnetic field. It is either a 4th field or the relativistic aspect of the gravity field. I treat it as a fourth field, because it simplifies things.

So, the short story is: We start with G, which has perfect symmetry. When this 'breaks' we now have G and C **and nothing else**. But the C-field self-interacting vortex will spiral to an infinitely dense point or else something else will happen. I describe the case in which something else happens: electric charge appears at the v=c horizon of the shrinking vortex. Now that we have electric charge, we have the electric and magnetic fields, E and B.

So we now have four fields, G and C, that interact with mass (and hence each other) and E and B, which interact with charge, but are themselves uncharged.

When the term 'electro-magnetic' is applied to gravity, it is an analogy. It is not an equivalence. The G-C mass-based fields are ultimately different from the E-B charge-based fields.

I hope this is getting clearer. G and C follow from Einstein's general relativity, I didn't make them up. E and B follow from Maxwell's field equations.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

A note on the assumptions in Verlinde's theory of gravity:

1. introduces an 'effective' force, the entropic force [conservative macroscopically]

2. assume space is...literally just a storage space for information.

3. assume that information is stored on surfaces.

4. imagine that info about particle location is stored in discrete bits on screen.

5. dynamics on each screen given by unknown rules.

6. [info processing] doesn't have to be by local field theory or anything familiar.

7. assume [like AdS/CFT] one special direction for course graining variables.

8. assume well defined notion of time [microscopic].

9. assume Bekenstein's argument [about] Compton wavelength.

10. postulate change of energy associated with info on boundary.

11. assume entropy proportialnal to mass [and additive]

12. use osmosis to analogize an effective force of entropy.

13. assume Unruh's temperature proportional to acceleration.

14. forget Unruh for Newton, don't need.

15 Think of boundary as storage for info, assume holographic principle.

16. assume number of bits proportional to area.

17. introduce new constant, G.

18. assume energy divided evenly over N-bits.

19. assume [invisible] mass is noticed through its energy.

20 Voila -- Newton's law, "practically from first principles".

.

Contrast with my assumptions:

1. Assume only one field, G, that can interact only with itself: del dot G = G dot G.

2. apply Maxwell: E=G^2 & Einstein: E=mc^2 --yielding Newton's law: del dot G = -m.

.

And compare the things that fall out of the Master equation in my essay.

Verlinde says that he has just 'reversed' the logic that led from Newton's law to black hole thermodynamics in order to instead go from black hole thermodynamics to Newton's law.

But is this the equivalent of "drawing a map from territory" [Korzybski] and then trying to derive territory from a map? Do all reversals make physical sense?

Finally, I believe that the 'energy/area' relations for the black hole can be derived *exactly* without ever invoking the concept of information. So why, if the relation is simply dependent on energy, would one insist that information be brought into the picture in such an artificial fashion dependent on so many assumptions, some quite questionable?

I don't believe information is a 'thing'. It is 'about' things, and thus dependent on a representation. 'Things' do not depend on representations, they are real.

This is, I believe, related to the excursion of physics from reality that I see in full swing.

Thanks for your consideration,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Wouldn't photons be the most fundamental carrier of information? Is there anything else that can carry information that cannot be decomposed into photons?

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Jan. 31, 2011 @ 00:00 GMT

Jason,

Yes, photons are the probably the most fundamental carriers of information, in the sense that they convey descriptive information about their source [or last reflection, etc]. Gravity and the C-field would also seem to carry information about the location and quantity of mass, but it may be more coarse-grained, or diffuse, than photons. Photons are probably the winner there. Many things carry info, for example in a sense the tides carry info about the moon, jets at the LHC carry info about the collision, etc.

This is completely different from the current [misguided imho] idea that info 'piles up' on the "surface of a black hole" and somehow 'reaches' to the 'particle' that carried that info into the black hole. This is doubly nuts, since the surface area relation can be completely derived from an energy treatment that has nothing to do with information.

There are so many people taking the descriptive 'maps' we've drawn from our study of the territory, and trying to use them as the basis of deriving the physical 'territory', that one understands why Korzybski titled his opus magnum "Science and Sanity". The inability to distinguish between the maps and the territory they represent is definitely linked to insanity, and pushing science in this direction is going to revive all kinds of other religions, once science becomes just another religion, based on non-testable,non-perceivable, outside of this world, concepts. Then it will be too late to put the toothpaste back in the tube.

By the way, on your idea about red-shift as loss of information: see my paper GEM and the Constant Speed of Light that I addressed to Peter Jackson, and you'll see how this info can be preserved in the C-field.

Also, Dan T Benedict posted on Chaos, Consciousness, and the Cosmos a remark from a conversation with you that is very interesting.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Jason Mark Wolfe replied on Jan. 31, 2011 @ 19:56 GMT

Hi Edwin,

I'll read the Benedict article and make another pass over the GEM paper.

BTW, here is my take on information and gravity. Photons carry information by virtue of there frequency. But gravity is a time dilation field that can change the frequency. Gravity doesn't transmit information so much as it focuses/unfocuses the information. Or another analogy, when you're looking out the window of a plane, you can see the mountains, but you can't count the ants on an anthill/make out the details.

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Jason Mark Wolfe replied on Jan. 31, 2011 @ 21:30 GMT

Hi Edwin,

Just one comment. The predicted circular drag of the electron reminds me of another feature of shift photons. If, with each shift to the next frequency, the polarization rotates a little faster in the same direction, the overall result could be a torque or corkscrew force. It happens because the polarizations of each frequency shift result in a torque.

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Edwin,

You have written interesting and beautifully illustrated essay. I'm still digesting the details after a second read, but I applaud your approach. It seems that instead of adding on another layer, your attempting something truly fundamental in your "start from scratch" method toward a simple TOE. I have used a similar approach in my essay in developing a new cosmology without a priori use of General Relativity (as with all other modern cosmologies) and have made some interesting conclusions. I hope you will have a chance to read and comment on it, as I'd value your opinion.

I also thought you would be interested in a new forum discussion started recently re. Bell's Inequality. The forum was started by FQXI's member Joy Christian from Oxford Univ. She is discussing a preprint paper she wrote entitled "What Really Sets the Upper Bound on Quantum Correlations?" in which she uses division algebras and topological arguments to falsify quantum non-locality. One of her concluding remarks is:

"By contrast, our topologically sensitive analysis of the set of all possible measurement results allows us to complete the accountings by Bell, and leads us to conclude that there are no incompatibilities between local-realism and the predictions of quantum mechanics." Her forum can be found here

Dan

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Dan T Benedict replied on Feb. 4, 2011 @ 03:02 GMT

My apologies to Professor Joy Christian. I incorrectly assumed his gender from his first name. That's why proper research will help keep egg off your face. My bad.

Dan

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 4, 2011 @ 05:08 GMT

Dan,

An understandable error, and one that is easily over-ridden by simply 'spreading the word' that a sophisticated explanation for the so-called 'violation of Bell's inequality' and all of the 'non-local', 'non-real', non-sense that followed therefrom.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dan T Benedict replied on Feb. 5, 2011 @ 02:32 GMT

Amen, brother.

Dan

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Dan,

Thanks for the kind words, and thanks for the information that you keep providing me. I was interested in PEAR and very much so in Bell's inequality.

I've read your essay the first time and have read the exchange between you and Tom. I hope to have some comments for you later.

As you know, and will continue to find out, it's tough to step outside the orthodoxies.

Good luck in the contest.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin this reproduces my note to you accidently posted on Willards string. I also suggested Joy Christian, re her blog on disproving Bell, read your essay and the strings.

I posted back to you on my string.

The above was also very helpful, and rang a steeple full of bells.

In my latest paper (which haven't yet got accepted either) I identify tokamacs as the geometrical solution, which I think is analageous to your field relationships.

The rotation and forces are not only dual axis but helical. It is a torus, with a plasmasphere of 'extended space' translating at rest with it, which spins round it's 'ring' axis, with a force also round it's sectional circumference, giving and endless helix. This is from nuclear physics, but the whole angular momentum of a galaxy is concentrated into one (though not quite ALL at once, hence blazars) because black holes are toroid. (also stellar mass bh's - you must know the Chandra crab nebula core photo). Tokamaks have 'intrinsic' rotational motion. If scaling works how it should quasars even become a prime candidate as a big bang process, which means big 'crunch', and before it was our predecessor galaxy. Then that's the sort of thinking that gets papers rejected of course. Peer review editors will have a lot to answer for come the revolution!

40] J.E. Rice et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 1618 IOP Inter-machine comparison of intrinsic toroidal rotation in tokamaks. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/47/11/025

And re your note about the vortex wall = a little over 7 x c, which is the max ejection velocity we've found from our frame (but 'c' locally in the 'incentric' graduated stream).

I'm trying to work out precisely how the FSC emerges at 1/137th. I have it increasing with motion, and the fine structure itself as the diffractive medium. (all receivers measure em at c because the receivers fine structure makes it so). Ergo inertial frames.

I'm doing some further revisions to my current paper (on galaxy evolution) and would like to cite something of yours. I'm not quite sure what and where yet but would need to do it quickly, and it would need to be concise - any ideas? peter.jackson53@ymail.com

I really must find one your books!

Any harmonious oscillations there?

Best wishes

Peter

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 2, 2011 @ 05:17 GMT

Peter,

I've been tied up studying Joy Christian's papers. I think that these will be historic, right up there with EPR.

This fqxi contest is very stimulating. A lot of new ideas to absorb and analyze.

As for your galaxy ideas, I haven't seen them yet. You're a busy beaver, and it's hard to be sure what you're claiming from the short comments. While I do think my theory complements your contest entry, I'm not sure that we overlap in the other areas that you are pursuing. I don't understand enough about your over-all approach, and I don't think that you understand mine yet, so it's hard to know the boundaries. Even your reference above to the 'vortex wall', if I understand it correctly is confused. The vortex wall of the C-field boson has no connection to the 'incentric' idea of cosmic jets. Also, I've derived the fine structure constant based on the C-field vortex, and doubt that it is related to your FSC derivation.

In short, I believe it's going to be difficult to merge my ideas with yours, but I do believe that the paper I wrote supports your contest essay, and I would encourage you to try to wrap that idea up before getting too thinly spread. Since I haven't seen your other ideas worked out in detail it's hard to say more.

My books are here. All of them but 'The Atheist and the God Particle' are pretty heavily mathematical. That one is for a popular audience.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

To all:

In case you haven't heard yet, a major new treatment of entanglement is here. Joy Christian has, in my opinion, demolished entanglement and non-locality. I think you will find her papers enlightening. I surely do.

My first approach was to try to link her treatment to the points I made above, about 'changes en route', but then I realized that they are irrelevant. What she does is derive the QM inequality from local reality. The violations go away!

I highly recommend these papers. I suspect they are historic.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 3, 2011 @ 20:02 GMT

I've discovered Joy Christian is a man. All other remarks stand.

Edwin

You may have seen on arXiv Sabine H's excellent challenge to Mssrs Amelio-Camilia and Lee Smolins Double Special Relativity, (DSR) which principally suffers the same problems as SR with inequality, but also lack of either quantum vacuum or explanation of 'c' wrt receivers. I can't yet find the solid logic in Joy's papers (I'll have to leave the maths to you). He is of course associated with perimeter, so his theory would help support DSR.

I certainly believe the result is correct, but I'm not sure it uses the right reasoning, or that it will be accepted into mainstream. So although it supports my own results, and may indeed prove historic, (I hope it does) it's not a basket I find myself happy to put too many eggs in yet.

But I think you will like this, which I referred you to but failed to post in my own string; cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/37860

Peter

PS I believe Jason is also thinking a little closer to the C field now.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 6, 2011 @ 02:25 GMT

Peter,

Thanks for that reference. Some interesting info in that article.

First, it is beyond me why anyone would call an electric field of 10^18 V/m a "vacuum".

Second, they say that "by quantum "magic" the deeply perturbed vacuum is restored after the pulse has passed." Sounds strange to me. They they state that "Two superposed pulses do not so much interact with each other, but interact together with the fluctuations in the vacuum." Of course, if I were explaining it, I would have the C-fields interacting.

Similarly, "the new and unexpected scattering of light on light", would not have been unexpected from the perspective of the C-field induced by the photon momentum.

So thanks for the info.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

A discussion of approaches to Joy Christian's work on Bell's inequality:

There are possible approaches to Christian's treatment of Bell's inequality. One approach, beautifully illustrated by Florin, is to bring all mathematics at your command to the problem, and hope this answers the question.

Another is based upon physics and physical understanding. My theory is local-realistic and...

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Dear Edwin,

Does the Big Bang event violate the empirical law: Conservation of Energy? If not, then where did that energy come from?

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 6, 2011 @ 23:17 GMT

Jason,

Assume you have 2 masses gravitationally attracting each other. if you add a third mass, the system will be more tightly bound. In physics bound systems are considered to have negative energy, in that positive energy is required to un-bind the system. For example, if we wish to move the third mass out to 'infinity' we have to expend a lot of positive energy, just as a spacecraft has to expend energy to 'escape' the gravitation that binds it to the earth.

So gravitational energy has been considered (since Maxwell, I believe) to be negative.

This is not so different from an electron in orbit about a proton. It takes about 13.6 eV of positive energy to overcome the binding energy, hence the binding energy is 'negative'.

In my essay I assume that nothing but the gravitational field exists initially. The energy of the field implies equivalent mass thru E=mc^2.

But this field is 'exploding' (I hate that word) away from the Big Bang, so the equivalent mass is moving away and hence has positive kinetic energy, or energy of motion. In this sense some speculate that the initial negative potential energy of gravity plus the positive kinetic energy associated with the field's outward expansion sum up to zero. I believe that this is called the "Free Lunch Universe" or similar, since the Big Bang in this case occurs with net zero energy, thus conserving energy.

Make sense?

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Jason Wolfe replied on Feb. 7, 2011 @ 01:48 GMT

Hi Edwin,

I totally agree with the "Free Lunch Universe" also known as the "Zero energy Universe". Furthermore, I am "one-upping" the argument by saying that the shift photon is symmetric to a gravity or time dilation field. While multiple lasers would be necessary to create a shift photon, I am suggesting that shift photons themselves would be the key to creating more "zero-energy" in the form of shift photon propulsion.

At this fork in the road, either the physics community will shrug and call me a creative "wack-job", or will build the experiment and attempt to throw off the shackles of conservation of energy. Neither String theory nor M-theory have a testable alternative.

I would like to provide a scientific framework upon which the UFO phenomena can be understood. If we had even a theoretical understanding of how space-ships can hover and move without using rocket fuel, jet engines or aerospace technology, then we could hope to build our own.

Conservation of energy has to be challenged, probed, and assailed, or we will live out our civilization's life span without ever reaching a distant star or truly exploring the universe.

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Jason,

Face it, the odds are good that the physics community will shrug and call us all creative "wack-jobs". I hope that Joy Christian, at least, escapes this destiny, but it would be out of character for the community to do anything else.

I addressed some of this in your thread with my Jan. 28, 2011 @ 02:50 GMT comment. I said:

"I like your shift photon as frequency analog of Newton's force equation. But although gravity produces a force, force does not necessarily produce gravity, unless gravity and acceleration are defined to be identical. But then what does one call it when an electric field accelerates a charged particle--gravity? In an equation, the equal sign often has sort of a 'one-way' meaning. I suspect it's the same for photon shift."

In other words, gravity shifts the photon. The photon shift may not make gravity. Just as time doesn't really flow both ways, no matter how much some theories suggest it does (or should). The universe seems to have 'directions'.

But I also said that I've recently focused more effort on understanding the coupling of the electromagnetic and the gravito-magnetic fields and have run across a few surprises, and that I plan to spend more effort on this.

At times in my life, I have felt just as you do about interstellar travel. At the moment I'm just having fun exploring this local universe.

I don't want to discourage you, neither do I want to falsely lead you on, so I just make the most informative and appropriate responses I can.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin,

In the case of time running in both directions, it creates grandfather paradoxes which automatically disqualifies the idea of time travel. In the case of shift photons, I just think it's a cool idea that gravity and relativistic motion frequency shift photons. Shift photons seem to be natural carriers of equivalent gravitational potential energy. The mathematics is already there and doesn't seem to resist being used backwards.

I was looking at gravitational waves. So far, there is only indirect evidence of gravitational waves. But think of this. If space-time can have gravity waves, then doesn't it follow that space-time can have a resonant frequency? I've got a shift photon that can act like a gravity wave, but it takes a lot of energy to get any kind of lift from it. Yet, if shift photons could match the resonance of space-time, then a new form of propulsion would be inevitable.

I think shift photons are a cool idea. Redshift and time dilation already describe the effect of gravity upon light. We can use light to transmit information in amazing ways. It just seems on natural that frequency shifted light can carry a gravity wave. All we have to do is find the natural resonance frequency of space-time and ...

Maybe the shift photon idea is a few centuries too early.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 03:51 GMT

Jason,

Another excellent idea, that space-time could have a resonant frequency if it supports gravity waves. Unfortunately, I am tending toward the belief that gravity waves do not exist.

But if they do, your idea of driving the resonance with shift photons is innovative.

I too think that shift photons are a cool idea. Whether it is an idea that physically works as you want it to is less certain. Some of my best ideas were cool, but the numbers do not always work out. But if the numbers do work, and you can figure out how to demonstrate its operation, then you definitely won't have to wait centuries.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Dr. Klingman,

As I keep telling Jaons, you are a true gentleman and scholar. FQXi should consider you for membership, as I sincerely believe you would be an invaluable asset! To show my appreciation for your careful consideration of my essay, I have awareded you 10 points.

Thanks again,

Robert

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Robert Spoljaric replied on Feb. 7, 2011 @ 22:18 GMT

Sorry Jason, my damn fingers seem to want to type whatever they please, or I should consider glasses!

Robert

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Jason Wolfe replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 01:04 GMT

I agree. Dr. Klingman is a true gentlemen, an assett and should be considered for membership in FQXI.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 05:08 GMT

Robert, Jason - thank you for your expressions of good will.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Edwin,

As promised, I read your paper -- or at least, I started it, but I can't get past the first two papges without questions hitting me in the face, so if we may deal with those, and see what happens from there:

1. How does your master equation (1) differ from the Laplace equation? If the object is to find a function on some domain ("primordial field") where according to Laplace (operator)^2 = 0 -- and I don't see how the object could be otherwise, because you want the laws of physics to be derived from a zero point vacuum ("interacts with itself") -- then quantum fluctuations already explain that cosmology; i.e., a zero average quantum field vacuum energy fluctuates locally away from zero. But this preempts your claim to derive all physics from a local model.

2. Scale invariance only implies motion invariance at T = 1. Locally, mapping arbitrary t ---> T, we get time dependence as you note, but then one cannot map that local time dependent dynamic space onto the motion-invariant space without a nonlocal model (which is exactly what Bell's theorem says).

Unless you mean something nonstandard by "locality" that I don't understand, I can't go further into your thesis. Hope you can help me.

Tom

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 19:27 GMT

Tom,

Although I'm not sure that page by page is the best way to go, at least on first reading, I'll try to get you past the first page.

You ask if: del (dot) g = g (dot ) g is the same as del (dot) del = 0.

Once one applies Maxwell's and Einstein's teachings on field energy and mass equivalence then we find Newton's equation falls out of the original equation, but that is based on the application of physical teachings to the starting assumption.

Did you expect that some elementary starting point based on the assumption of one field and only one field would somehow not look like Laplace equation? You say that you don't see how it could be otherwise.

You then say it is equivalent to "a zero point vacuum ("interacts with itself") -- then quantum fluctuations already explain that cosmology; i.e., a zero average quantum field vacuum energy fluctuates locally away from zero. But this preempts your claim to derive all physics from a local model."

This brings in all of your quantum preconceptions, which you have already stated don't make sense without non-locality. This will of course prevent your seeing that there is a way to make sense of local realism. I don't know how to purge your mind of things that you think you know, but I suspect this is going to prevent you from making sense of my model. Since it appears that both Florin and Christian have agreed with Einstein and others that QM is incomplete, I wish that you would try to open your mind to a new understanding, rather than start on page one and say that quantum mechanics contradicts my model.

You style seems heavily based on mathematics with little or no input from physical intuition. That's understandable, in that QM for a century has been mystical and non-intuitive. But that's not my approach, and if it turns out, as I think it will, that Bell's inequality was incorrect, then all of the non-sense of non-local, non-real physics should be forgotten. So if you wish to try to understand my model, please attempt to forget these non-sensical ideas. And if you cannot manage to do that, then you may as well save your time and not bother with the rest of my essay. You should go back and fight with Joy Christian if that is your approach, because I don't intend to fight the battle of non-locality here.

However, if you'd like to try to understand an alternative, then I'll be happy to work with you.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 19:46 GMT

Tom,

If you're still with me.

You say that "Scale invariance only implies motion invariance at T = 1. Locally, mapping arbitrary t ---> T, we get time dependence as you note, but then one cannot map that local time dependent dynamic space onto the motion-invariant space without a non-local model (which is exactly what Bell's theorem says)."

I agree that one cannot map local time dependent dynamic space onto the motion invariant space, and that is why I say 'formal time dependence'. As long as the original field has perfect symmetry then it is time and motion invariant. But if symmetry breaks, then "action orthogonal to a radial field vector can produce a vortex or cyclical phenomenon in a region of space, introducing duration or cycle time. So time appears when the G-field symmetry breaks and local oscillations, i.e. natural clocks, occur."

The time dependent phase occurs as symmetry breaking; real time dependence appears with the C-field. And the local vortices are Yang-Mills in nature.

Tom, try to picture the expansion of the perfectly spherical gravity field as equivalent mass 'moving' outward [or being 'scaled up']. Each 'ray' of this energy/mass would ordinarily induce a C-field circulation around it, but it is surrounded by other rays, each of which is inducing their own C-field circulation, and the net result is that all C-field circulation cancels and the C-field is 'suppressed'. When symmetry breaks, this changes. First, the Lorentz-like force equation shows an inflationary aspect will appear immediately, and second, the 'first' vortex to appear after symmetry breaking may actually induce a 'preferred direction' also known as the 'axis of evil'.

We now have an inflating universe and a means of producing particles, beginning with neutrinos.

I hope you focus on the physics involved here.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

T H Ray replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 21:37 GMT

Edwin,

I think we have too many differences to overcome. In answering my objections, you just raised more; e.g., saying that the symmetry breaking of your unified field is equivalent to local realism. That conception is Newtonian, not relativistic. You must have absolute time and space to make it work. Compare to Einstein's concept of the unified field: "Relativistic theory of the non-symmetric field." It has to be so, because though gravity is symmetrical (time reverse symmetry), the limitation imposed by invariant light speed by which all physics is local denies universal invariance of time. You've either got invariant time, or you've got a nonlocal model. Which is why Einstein's theory failed. Nonlocality comes with quantum mechanics. You don't have to like it, but you have to live with it.

Tom

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Anonymous replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 21:59 GMT

Tom,

I'm afraid that I agree that we have too many differences to overcome. I was hoping that you would understand that my model makes physical sense, and if you found one or two mathematical points to choke on, that you might even help me to make them satisfactory from your viewpoint.

But I didn't expect it.

There is no question that, if you can't even consider local realism as possible, you can't understand my model. And you're wrong. I don't have to live with non-locality. It is a schizophrenic conception of reality.

On another thread you said: "When Einstein called a theory "incomplete" he meant _mathematically_ incomplete. The special and general theory of relativity are mathematically complete theories because they start with first principles (invariance of light speed, Minkowski spacetime) and proceed to closed form judgments on physical results. Einstein had a love for mathematical beauty, elegance, symmetry. The mathematics of quantum mechanics in contrast is "ugly" as Einstein said -- indeed, even today it's a dog's breakfast. The reason is mostly historical. QM does not start with first principles; theorists were forced to explain the results of 2-slit experiment (Young)rather than predicting them in a mathematically complete theory from first principles. So it's still incomplete in that respect. However, the standard model of particle physics is highly successful and complete in reconciling physical results with the mathematics."

I have nothing against "mathematically complete" theories, but unless they work for the observable universe, without strings, many worlds, multiverses, extra dimensions, or other 'other worldly' crutches, then I have no use for them. What actually exists is the analog of the five blind men grabbing on to different parts of an elephant. Each is correct in his description, possibly elegantly so, and even 'complete', but each is pathetically missing the whole reality.

I certainly agree with your characterization of QM, but I don't agree that the Standard Model is highly successful. If it were then SUSY would not be required, 11-dimensional manifolds would not be taken seriously, the Higgs would show up, and QCD would achieve better than 4 or 5 percent accuracy. As best I can determine, QCD today consists in running Monte Carlo programs like PYTHIA, to filter LHC collision data, and updating "branching ratios as necessary". I have other complaints about the standard model, but I doubt they would impress you.

So thanks for reading the first page of my essay. I certainly did not enter this contest thinking that I would convince the true believers.

Good luck with your essay.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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T H Ray replied on Feb. 9, 2011 @ 12:38 GMT

I'm not your adversary, Edwin.

It might surprise you that I support classical determinism. I'm just not willing to throw quantum mechanics out the window to get it. If that makes me a true believer, at least I have the data to justify it.

Of course it's true that I (like Einstein) prefer a mathematically complete model, one that makes closed judgments on phenomena from a couple of simple principles. You want the same, do you not? All physics reduced to a locally realistic model from a single field (C field), by broken symmetry. That's what the Higgs field in the extended standard model wants to do, too -- with a distinct difference. Time conservation. I follow your argument that time dilation would conserve time in your model -- except that your t = 0 and there's nothing to conserve, which makes the model non-dynamic, and non-kinetic. As I have tried with no success to explain to Jason, time dilation in general relativity is an observer effect, not an independent physical quality. It seems to me if you want to take that direction, you have to model your mathematics in the complex Hilbert space, where you can have imaginary time entangled with space, but of course that probably contradicts your program of local realism.

I'm only emphasizing what I disagree with, because I think those points are show-stoppers to a locally realistic theory. I could be wrong, yet remain unconvinced. I do, however, heartily agree with your conclusion that "physical reality depends on continuous fields (and) informed reality depends on the existence of thresholds, or universal constants." If reality is only information, though, one can get classical determinism from a quantum mechanical model (see 't Hooft).

Best,

Tom

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 9, 2011 @ 20:53 GMT

Tom,

I appreciate your above comment. I do not view you as an adversary. I view you as one who has worked so hard to understand physics that he has a rather complete view of reality in terms of preferred structures in his mind that encompass most of what he knows in these structures. I view Lawrence the same way. I simply think that your perspective and mine are essentially orthogonal in so many respects that we do not project the others understanding into our own understanding. Neither of us have the whole truth, but we don't even speak the same language to a large extent.

Once I understood Fourier series, all other decompositions seemed to me to be simply a way to simplify things. I attach no physical significance or importance to Hilbert space. Ray has said that you and I are about the same age, so the fact that I was raised at the tail end of the Bourbaki school may also have afflicted you. I fought hard to overcome this mathematical bias and be a physicist, despite the implied inferiority of that position.

I see it as a preference for physicality and intuition on my part with mathematics viewed as utilitarian, while it seems to me that you and Lawrence see mathematics as the most relevant 'reality' with physics viewed as a check on mathematics. There is no value judgment here, just an attempt to understand why we seem to be unable to connect or reconcile our ideas.

My original hope was that you would be of some help to me in the sense of smoothing any rough edges that you found too abrasive. But that would require you to adopt my view, and that seems to be too much work. I understand this. I certainly cannot adopt Lawrence's view. I don't have the facility with all of the symmetry groups and other creatures that inhabit his jungle.

There is no need that we all agree. For example, I don't believe that reality is only information, and have scattered a number of comments around this contest contesting the physical reality of information.

Finally, you may recall that I insist that my physics also address consciousness as I have experienced it over many decades, whereas others have expressed that consciousness is important, but must be put aside for now in favor of more immediate physics (and then proceed to extra dimensions and multi-verses, but that's another story.)

Anyway Tom, I thank you for playing the game, and consider you a friend, not an adversary.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Georgina Parry replied on Feb. 17, 2011 @ 09:50 GMT

Tom,

I do not know if you got further than the opening quote of my essay. Further on I discuss time. It has always been the problem child. To overcome the grandfather and twins paradox and to have causality and understand the arrow of time at the foundational level(or Object reality) everything that currently exists, (which is not the same as everything that can be seen in space time),...

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Tom,

I do not know if you got further than the opening quote of my essay. Further on I discuss time. It has always been the problem child. To overcome the grandfather and twins paradox and to have causality and understand the arrow of time at the foundational level(or Object reality) everything that currently exists, (which is not the same as everything that can be seen in space time), must exist -at the same singular time-. That is unitemporal time. Objects are not distributed in time at this foundational level only in space. There is no spread across time, no space-time fabric.

However there is still passage of time becuse everything is chnaging spatial position, that is energy or change. The change in sequence of Object universal spatial position allows earlier and later to be considered, which means the change is not now just spatial but change in time. It is not the same thing as the time dimension although both are called time. The temporal distribution comes in when transmission of data such as EM has to be incorporated into the received or image reality.So space time is emergent. This relates to Newton's absolute time and space which you referred to here.

So it is not true that a universe imagined without time dimension is static. It is actually the space-time universe without the uni-temporal foundation that is static and unchanging. To reconcile a quantum probability type model with space time, time has to be understood and put into the model correctly. Passage of time emergent from spatial change in a uni-temporal foundational reality and the time dimension is emergent from transmission delay of data from which the observed and experienced higher level image reality universe is fabricated.

The whole of space-time itself is a reality interface product, an observer effect if you like. The whole universe is an image of reality not the currently existing Object universe. No reality interface, organic or organic no space-time. This is where decoherence of the mathematical superposition of eigenstates comes in. At detection the unique data that allows formation of the image reality is selected.Only when the image reality is formed is it real.

Any field observed in space time has thus to be a temporally distorted version of a foundation unobserved field. It is not what is seen that is real because that is merely a representation derived from the data. Really real is the foundational reality and its topology is spatially distributed only and should not directly fit with the distorted space-time.

Without both the foundational reality and the space-time reality the model is incomplete and that leads to the unanswered questions, mysteriousness and paradox. Only by sorting out the understanding of time, as described, can the two models be united and non realism be overcome. Real donkeys need realism or they would starve due to the mathematicians magic of incomplete information. Also see Julian Barbour's essay in this contest.

"Men Who stare at goats" film 2009 directed by Grant Heslov."Invisibility? Yeah. That was level 3"--"Like ...actual invisibility" -"Well, yeah that was the goal. Eventually, we adapted it to just finding a way of not being seen. But when you understand the linkage between observation and reality, ...then you dance with invisibility."

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Edwin, congratulations on an excellent essay. I have also enjoyed your comments in the FQXi forum.

A couple sentences from your conclusion jumped out at me: "A continuous universe evolves to discrete reality, where quantum conditions carve up the continuum, such that analog inputs occasion digital outputs or threshold crossings," and, "Informed reality depends upon the existence of thresholds." This same idea struck me as I was writing my essay. I argued that it is specifically biological (and technological) processes -- which are typically threshold-based -- which give rise to the discrete reality of facts and observations, and these exclusively form the basis of everything we know about the world. In other words it is the process of techno-biological measurement that "carves up the continuum"; I refer to that carved-up continuum as the "broken universe." I discuss requirements and often-ignored peculiarities of decoherence to support this view. I realize this is kind of an audacious metaphysical position to be taking, and my impression is many readers aren't sure what to make of it.

Anyway, I hope you can check it out sometime, and best of luck in the competition.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 8, 2011 @ 22:16 GMT

Karl,

Thanks for your comment. Yours was one of the first essays I read and I intended to comment, then got caught up in all the other essays and comment threads. I will re-read your essay and post a comment.

The 'original' threshold, and in my mind the essential threshold, is the quantum of action, h. Analog or continuous fields can exist and I believe do exist, but until they cross the threshold of minimum action, nothing happens. Past that point everything that you characterize as biological and technological becomes possible, probably inevitable.

Probably the reason that I did not immediately comment is your focus on 'coherence' and 'decoherence'. While I think that I agree with you, this aspect is fuzzy enough in my mind to preclude making easy statements about it.

However, I have recently come to believe that some C-field phenomena are best understood in these terms, so I am trying to un-fuzz my thinking.

Thanks again,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Sir,

We cannot understand why scientists have to resort to weirdness to explain physical phenomena. Confinement and Entanglement are not quantum phenomena alone, but they have macro examples also. Superposition of states arises out of the mechanism of measurement, which has been sensationalized by imputing imaginary characteristics to it.

As we have explained in our essay,...

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Dear Sir,

We cannot understand why scientists have to resort to weirdness to explain physical phenomena. Confinement and Entanglement are not quantum phenomena alone, but they have macro examples also. Superposition of states arises out of the mechanism of measurement, which has been sensationalized by imputing imaginary characteristics to it.

As we have explained in our essay, every particle in the Universe is ever moving with respect to something or the other. Measurement is conducted at a designated instant called “here-now” and the result of that measurement is used at subsequent times, when the particle no longer retains those characteristics, but has temporally evolved. Thus, only its state at the said instant can be known with certainty. It’s true state before and after measurement, which is not a single state, but an ever changing state, cannot be known. This unknown state, which is a composite of all possible states, is known as the superposition of states.

When two objects retain their original relationship after being physically separated, such relationship is called entanglement. Suppose someone while traveling forgot to take one of the pair of socks. The individual sock of the pair is complementary to the other. They cannot be used in isolation. If someone asks, ‘which of the pairs has gone with the traveler’, the answer will be unknown till someone at either end finds out by physical verification. This is a macro example of entanglement. Before the verification (measurement) was done; which one went out was not known. It could have been either one (superposition of all states). After measurement the answer is conclusively known (wave function collapses). There is no need to unnecessarily sensationalize it. The quantum entanglement can be easily explained if we examine the nature of confinement and the measure the distance up to which entanglement shows up (generally, it is not infinite, but lasts up to a maximum of a few kilo meters only).

Not only quarks, but also all particles are confined. LHC has surprised physicists / cosmologists that the early universe was a ‘perfect fluid’ and not an ‘explosion of gases’ that is the basis of all current theories. Particles are nothing but confined fluids; that is described as the primordial field. The mechanism by which this fluid is confined will be discussed separately (using simple verifiable models and without Higg’s mechanism). Just like only the atoms (molecules) and their combinations exhibit definite chemical properties, only quarks are the first particles to exhibit this property of confinement. Hence if we try to break their confinement, the applied energy leads to formation of other quarks not due to uncertainty principle, but due to simple mechanism of inertia of motion and inertia of restoration (elasticity). Even within the confinement, the up quarks change to down quarks and vice versa. This property is exhibited by all particles. For every micro particle there are macro equivalents. For example, Jupiter is the macro equivalent of proton.

Confinement requires a central stable point around which the mass (confined field) accumulates and the external limit of the confinement which gives rise to the stabilized orbits. There is space between these two positions. This gives a three fold structure. Since inside the particle, it is all fluid or locally confined fluid (sub-systems), it is unstable. If some force is applied to move a smaller portion of the fluid, it generates an equal force in the opposite direction. This is exhibited as the charge of the particle. Where this force interacts with other forces, it may become non-linear. Otherwise, it behaves linearly. The linear behavior is known as quantum entanglement. Electrons and photons are special cases of this confined fluid.

Regarding Relativity, we have proved in other posts that it is a wrong description of facts and that Einstein’s mathematics is wrong. Since it is very lengthy, we are not reproducing it here. Those interested may read our post below the essay of Mr. Castel and Mr. Granet.

Regards,

basudeba

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Dear basudeba,

We are in essential agreement on a number of things, although we differ in the details.

As you are by now aware, Bell's inequality is facing a challenge and I believe that it will fail the test. I say this partly because I agree with Christian's approach to the problem, and partly because I reject the absurdity of the non-locality and non-reality implied by the so-called 'violations' of Bell's incorrectly calculated inequality. I view entanglement as local in origin and sustained by conservation, as one would expect from local realism.

There are those who believe that a simple calculation is enough to forsake rationality, realism, and locality. I simply reject this. I have attempted to pursue a 'holistic' theory in which the evolution of known reality follows from simplest principles consistent with experiment. I reject the extra dimensions, extra universes, one-dimensional strings, branes, and so forth.

I do agree that particles are essentially self-confined fluids condensed from the primordial field, and that this is what is seen in the 'perfect fluid' at the LHC. From the perspective of a vortex there are just a few ways in which particles can 'condense' and whenever sufficient energy from collisions is input to 'dissolve' the local particle back into the 'fluid' state, then the same basic particles will reappear, and their resonant combinations, in jets.

As for confinement, the quarks are confined to a self-sustained (C-field) solenoidal 'flux tube' whose energy exceeds the particle production energy, hence any attempt to 'knock one loose' will fail, as a new particle pair will be generated, half of which preserves the nucleon, and the other half of which combines as a hadron to pair with the 'departing' particle.

The key to understanding this is to see the system as a Yang-Mills fluid that is locally real and physical. To impart mystical properties based on essentially mystical 'wave functions' leads to probabilistic results that are utilitarian, but are misleading when taken as the complete description of reality.

So we agree on much. And I have read your long comments on Mr. Castel and Mr. Granet threads, and thank you for keeping my thread 'clean'.

Good luck in your researches.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Respected Sir,

The last line of your post (keeping your thread clean) is interesting. We are only questioning from a logical perspective the very questions that should be asked for finding out the truth and not for proving a point or for bravado or just for fun. If that scares some people, we can't help. Since we agree with you on most issues in principle, there is no reason for us to "dirty" your thread.

Yet, without using "self-sustained (C-field) solenoidal 'flux tube' " or "Yang-Mills fluid", we have derived the forces and particles from the primordial field and succeeded in uniting them. Soon we will come out with the full theory.

Regards,

basudeba.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 12, 2011 @ 19:34 GMT

Dear basudeba,

I did not mean to offend you by my last sentence. As I had noticed that you had posted some very long comments on others threads, I simply meant to thank you for keeping your comments 'brief', there was no implication of 'dirty'. It was a poor choice of words on my behalf.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Hi Edwin, I liked the style of your thinking very much. It's nice to see someone else with the idea of an analog-in, digital-out universe. I also think I've found the sticking point in history which is why we are having this competition in the first place. I replied to another essay, by Jarmo, which sums it up rather well I believe. He imagines asking Newton himself what he thinks of modern advances in physics:

An excellent and entertaining entrance to your essay Jarmo, congratulations on your imagination and ingeniuty. I have a burning question which I've always wanted to ask Newton though, which is this:

Q: Since he equated the ancient greek philosophy of the smallest irreducible particle, called an atom, with the motions of the planets as observed by Galileo Galilei, does he want to know what his very large unspoken logical assumption was, which has now meant that humanity has been led down the wrong scientific path?

Ans: He assumed that the cores of the planets and sun are composed of the same everyday matter which is found on the external crust. (It's not necessarily the case and so invalidates the whole of Einstein's space-time concept imo and also invalidates the results of the Cavendish experiment to 'weigh' the Earth).

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 10, 2011 @ 21:18 GMT

Alan,

Thanks for the compliment. I noted that you remarked on several threads about considering "the Archimedes screw as an analogy for something with both particle and wave properties?" If you look at the static pictures at the top of page 6, and imagine them as dynamic, that is approximately what you would see.

Your idea of gravity as the Archimedes screw is novel. As you probably know, Maxwell modeled electro-dynamics mechanically, even after he had the field equations. It was an easier sell. (I'm not buying your model, just admiring the novelty of it.)

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Alan Lowey replied on Feb. 11, 2011 @ 10:20 GMT

Yes, I see what you mean about the figures at top of page 6. Yet it's the simplicity of the mechanical screw idea which has yet to sink in to the mathematically minded I think. I have studied simulation modelling at masters degree level at Brunel University an have been addicted to solving the big mystery of everything since my older brother studied astrophysics at Leeds. I left my scientifc career so that I wouldn't be influenced by the mainstream line of thinking. I was sure that an elementary mistake had been made in the course of history. Now that I've found it, all the problems of science have revealed themselves and slowly unfolded into an image which is easily comprehendable. All without the use of mathematics. If you imagine the Archimedes screw turning, then the helical action can act as force of attraction when interacting with another particle. If this screw travelled around a wraparound universe, then it would emege on the other side as a force of repulsion i.e. dark energy. How can this simple model be so easily ignored by the science community I ask you?

Yes, I have been posting this message on a select number of essays because I want to spark the imagination of a special someone able to take the idea forward. Thank you for the appreciation of it's novelty. You're the first!

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Hi Edwin,

I have an idea that's probably a brain buster even for a NASA physicist. Here goes. I'm want to come up with an idea for a hyper-space that won't create any physics violations. One possible violation would be that a hyper-drive would permit someone to enter a black hole and, in effect, violate thermodynamics. The other problem is I have is that I want spaceships that can hover like they do in the movies. So here is the idea.

Remember we agreed that if gravity is the negative energy that balances the energy of the Big Bang, then conservation of energy is protected because the net energy is zero? Well what if we try a variation of that. We have,

$-E_{BB}+E_{BB}=0$

But now, we make the positive E_BB the gravity (space-time term), and the energy is negative. What happens?

I believe that in this particular universe, accumulations of energy are gravitationally repulsive. So there are not likely to be any accumulations of mass-energy.

But what about a gravitationally signficicant object (planet, star, blackhole), in our universe? Could we get a (negative mass-energy) in hyper-space to attract itself to a massive planet/star/black hole in our universe?

The result would be that the hyperspace around the earth, stars, blackholes, would be gravitatationally repulsive to the (negative energy) of that universe.

I'm not sure how you feel about manipulating space. But if we build a spaceship that can surround itself in hyperspace ...

OK, it's getting a bit weird even for me. The idea sounded good when I thought of it, but now ...

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 12, 2011 @ 02:21 GMT

Jason,

We'd all like to have a spaceship that hovers.

In my understanding of your equation above, the -E_bb is the potential energy of the gravity field and the +E_bb is the equivalent mass of this energy 'exploding' outward with kinetic energy that balances the potential energy.

While I've read as much sci-fi as the next guy, maybe more, I am not much of a believer in hyperspace, so I'm not much help there.

But as I've said before, keep those new ideas flowing.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Jason Wolfe replied on Feb. 12, 2011 @ 04:17 GMT

Hi Edwin,

I'm not sure if a hyper-space exists either. However, I think there is merit in giving it a try. In my essay, I said that everything in physics can be described by photons and wave-functions. So I'm using that as a strategy. Objects like particles, waves and space-ships can be described as a wave-function,

$\Psi$

which exists within our space-time called,

$S_0$

The idea I have is to posit a surface (closed surface) that functions as an interface that surrounds object (wave-function),

$\Psi$

This interface will cause cause the object to behave like an object in hyper-space (space-time S_i),

$\Psi_i = T_{0i}[\Psi]$

Using this setup, I want to try some round trip journeys for photons and particles that travel, first by hyper-space and return via space-time. I want to figure out what kinds of relationships exist between h and h' (Planck constant), G and G'(Gravity constant), and c' >> c. I want to require:

1. causality, and

2. conservation of energy (initially).

I want to try dropping the object through hyper-space and compare it with a drop through standard space-time.

I'm not sure if I should call the interface a wave-function or an operator. But it should permit the object obey conservation of momentum, in hyper-space, with a mass content of,

$m_i = m \frac{c^2}{c_i^2}$

If the speed of light c_i is large enough, we could build a star-ship that weighs as much as a battleship in space-time, but weights only a few kilograms in hyper-space.

I want to use the shift-photon idea to create hyper-space gravity waves.

At the very least, I might discover a hidden relationship between c, h and G, something that fixes their values. I think this effort is worth it. Falsifiability would come from building a shift photon generator and running it at a very high repetition rate.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 12, 2011 @ 19:59 GMT

Jason,

I've seen your comments on hyper-space before, but I've never quite figured out what it is you're talking about. I'm missing something critical.

On another topic, I just posted to Peter the following:

I have been looking at 'ring laser gyroscopes' and thinking that you might also be interested in these devices. They produce two counter-rotating laser beams around a closed circuit. When the circuit physically rotates, one path is effectively lengthened and the opposite shortened, with consequent interference fringes that can produce 'beats' on a photo-detector proportional to the angular rotation speed. This allows the device to function as a gyroscope for navigational purposes (used on Airbus A320 and many others). Just google "ring laser gyro".

Also interesting is that Martin Tajmar used such a device to measure the C-field. By placing the 'ring' around a C-field dipole, one laser beam is flowing 'with' the C-field, and the other is flowing 'against' the C-field and of course the interference allows highly accurate measurement of the circulation of the field.

Among other questions is what happens when the beams are in vacuum and one beam is effectively 'speeded up'.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Dear Sir,

your essay was very interseting to read! Congratulations!

As I am not an expert in these theories I have a (possibly trivial) question.

You mentioned at pg.5 a final assumption for deriving real particles, distinguishable from real fields: That the curvature of space is limited. And as consequences of this, that electrons and quarks and also black holes appear as limits.

My question is: If you have a limit for the curvature: is this a natural constant or could you also chose a half or a quarter of this number and guarantees also a limited curvature?

Best regards

Niklaus Buehlmann

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 13, 2011 @ 20:13 GMT

Niklaus,

Thank you for your comment and for an interesting question.

While the process effectively provides a 'limit to curvature' the term itself may be more metaphorical than accurate. What happens is this:

The equivalent mass of the vortex wall, interacting with itself, produces a solenoidal C-field, just as an electric charge current produces a solenoidal magnetic field. But the increased C-field has the effect of forcing the vortex wall toward the central axis, while conservation of angular momentum increases the speed of the vortex wall. Where does this end? If an ice skater could pull her arms in all the way to a zero radius, how fast would she spin?

This is not a 'boost' situation, such as occurs in relativistic linear acceleration, so there is no natural limit, and no reason to assume that the vortex wall velocity will not reach the speed of light. If it does, what happens? I conjecture that electric charge is created at the v=c point in the process. As it turns out, the equations show that the point where this occurs is the Compton radius of the electron, that is, the 'size' of the electron as observed by electromagnetic radiation. This does not stop the vortex wall from shrinking to a point, but now there is a 'braking force' at play, since the self-repulsion of the charge increasingly resists the shrinking.

You ask about a 'natural constant' associated with this process. If one sets the C-field inward force equal to the charge self-repulsion outward force, then the point at which they are equal (and presumed stable) yields the fine structure constant, which is currently derived in no other theory.

And this 'stable' size is of the order of 10^-18 meters, a thousand time less than Compton wavelength. So the electro-magnetic field sees one size, that is associated with the v=c wall velocity, while particle collisions see a much smaller size that is associated with the final stable radius of the particle. Note that all electrons are 'identical' since one cannot even in theory observe a 'mark' on one, as the mark would move away faster than c.

This conjecture as to how charge comes into the picture is the weakest point of my theory, but compare it to string theory in which each 'winding' of the string through a 'hole' in an 11-dimensional Calabi-Yau manifold produces one unit of charge, and it doesn't appear so unreasonable. And QED simply conjectures that quantum fields, operating at a point, produce charge, but without mass, which requires a Higgs field.

I hope that explanation gives you a better picture of the process that I metaphorically described as 'limit of curvature'. It actually does limit the curvature of the C-field vortex wall, but it is due to the self-repulsion of the charge equaling the inward force of the C-field on the vortex wall.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Jason Mark Wolfe replied on Feb. 14, 2011 @ 08:35 GMT

Congratulations Edwin! You made the front page. Just click on HOME to see it. Well done.

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Hi Edwin,

I need to draw a picture to show you this. The Big Bang was an energy conserved event because a gravitational potential (negative energy) and an explosion of light (positive energy) both exploded outward at the speed of light. Both add to zero.

But there is another energy conserved event. Photon Theory says that everything in physics can be decomposed into photons and wave-functions. Here is an example of a gravity wave-function.

A space-ship produces

(1) a negative energy gravity wave that travels to the left, and

(2) a positive energy gravity wave that travels to the right.

The spaceship is supposed to ride the negative energy gravity wave. If it rides the positive energy gravity wave, it falls off and gets left behind.

If the space-ship is too big, the gravity wave leaves it behind. If the space-ship rides inside the negative energy gravity wave, it will literally travel at the speed of light for as long as the space-ship remains inside.

It's not a hyper-drive, but the speed of light is still pretty quick.

I need help with the the details. What do you think?

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 16, 2011 @ 04:44 GMT

Jason,

You ask what I think, so here goes.

I am not at all convinced that 'gravity waves' exist. I listened to Joseph Weber circa 1970 lecture on his first gravitational wave detector, and it's been a long dry 40 years since, with no waves detected, despite that Russell Hulse and Joe Taylor were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.

You also state: "Photon Theory says that everything in physics can be decomposed into photons and wave-functions."

I believe that photons are physically real and that wave-functions are a mathematical description and are not physically real, so it's difficult for me to help design a system that contains (from my perspective) real and imaginary parts.

So without intending to discourage you in any way from sticking with your Shift Photon idea, I won't be much help for positive and negative energy gravity waves traveling away from a source. If the 'negative wave' were strong enough for the ship to 'ride it', it would probably induce destructive tides in the ship.

But you continue to display the most fertile imagination in sight.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Jason Wolfe replied on Feb. 17, 2011 @ 05:11 GMT

Hi Edwin,

I do appreciate that you read what I write.

It is strange that gravity waves have not been detected. Photon Theory still maintains that gravity and space-time are made out of wave-functions. The idea of constructive and deconstructive waves, and interference patterns, keeps presenting itself as a solution to describing gravity and space-time. Yet, we don't observe that. Instead, we observe that gravity fields do seem to mirror the energy within them. But the damping effect prevents (or hides) the oscillations.

It's true that in riding a gravity wave, one does not want to become crushed by it. I'm trying to borrow from particle-anti-particle creation where both particles fly off in opposite directions. According to Photon theory, a gravity wave of this kind has to be made out of a particular kind of wave-function; one that remains stable with a space-ship inside. The spaceship and the gravity wave have to balance each others gravitational potential. Mmm...

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Jason Wolfe replied on Feb. 17, 2011 @ 06:41 GMT

Dear Edwin,

You've got me on the ropes with your probing questions. But I think I can answer the question: where are the gravity waves?

Let's contemplate a one dimensional space-time with gravitational potential energy V(x,t) = V_0 cos (kx-wt). Actually, it's a longitudinal wave. Between any two points in space-time, there are an infinite set of these waves (or at least a lot of them). We don't see the waves because there are plenty of terms in the series to cancel out oscillations/deviations in potential energy.

I can't discern any more detail tonight other than to say that time dilation is built into these waves. In effect, when a large quantity of mass-energy builds up somewhere on the one-dimensional space-time, potential energy is pushed negative.

Let me think this over.

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Jason Wolfe replied on Feb. 18, 2011 @ 01:16 GMT

Dear Edwin,

At this time I don't know the mathematical description of the gravity waves that are suspected to cause gravity to exist. However, I do stick to my guns that they are quasi-existent wave-functions.

Consider any and every physical object in the universe; anything from a space-ship to a car, a person, dog, flee, etc... It is a fact that whatever object you can think of, that objects lies within space-time, and it is subject to the gravity at that location. Now, the gravity in and around that object is some gravitational potential energy. How is that gravitational potential energy determined? That gravitational potential energy is a form of information, and information travels at the speed of light from all points in space. Gravity information comes to us from nearby mountains, the earth, the sun, other planets, nearby stars, etc. Nobody can argue that this information cannot arrive at whatever physical object you've considered.

We would probably agree that gravity does not manifest strings, wires cables or ropes that maintain a continuous physical connection to you, I and every physical object. Yet the gravitational potential energy seems to find you and I very reliably. I would argue that every object is interconnected with gravitational wave-functions which transmit gravitational potential energy from where ever they came from.

In the case of a shift photon generator, I am suggesting that the simple act of broadcasting gravitational potential energy back into all of the gravitational interconnections, that this will change the intensity of the gravitational potential energy along these wavefunctions.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 21:31 GMT

Jason,

In my previous fqxi essay on what's ultimately possible in physics, I began by rejecting abstract theories in favor of 'fields' that I could directly and immediately sense, [eliminating strings, extra dimensions, extra universes, dark energy and matter, etc.]. These boiled down to gravity and consciousness. After showing how these could be used as a basis of physics that produced all known particles and explained many other facts and mysteries, I ended by saying that we would never understand gravity or consciousness. I still feel that way, so I don't really expect to understand gravity. It's the 'basic assumption' or starting point for my physics.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Dear Ed,

Your Master Equation seems to generate the correct types of fields, but I am concerned that these limited fields (G,C,E,M) in 4 dimensions do not contain enough degrees of freedom to account for all known generations of "fundamental particles" - at least an SO(10) of fermions and an SU(5) of bosons. You begin with continuous fields only, and try to insert quantized "fundamental...

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Dear Ed,

Your Master Equation seems to generate the correct types of fields, but I am concerned that these limited fields (G,C,E,M) in 4 dimensions do not contain enough degrees of freedom to account for all known generations of "fundamental particles" - at least an SO(10) of fermions and an SU(5) of bosons. You begin with continuous fields only, and try to insert quantized "fundamental particles", but you omitted talking about Second Quantization, and this is the most accepted method for obtaining quantized particles from continuous fields. I also didn't discuss Second Quantization in my essay, because I proposed that fields and particles are both necessary complementary inverse scales.

Tajmar's explaination of a mass increase in Niobium Cooper-pairs is interesting. Superconductivity has also been implied to be the bridge between electromagnetism and gravitation by Chiao's and Podkletnov's research teams. You mention a kappa ~ 10^31, but Chiao says that a gravitational wave should have an effect of 42 orders in magnitude. I agree with Chiao because this is of order Dirac's Large Number ~ 10^41, which is one of my scale numbers (please see Equation 15 of my book for the relationship between electromagnetic and gravitational couplings). Now we can explain the Cosmological constant of Lambda ~ 10^(-123) ~ (10^41)^(-3) by the fact that we have three spatial dimensions (you said "If scale invariant is motion invariant, time has no obvious meaning"). I think that your inverse square-roots (~10^61) and inverse fourth-roots (~10^31) of Lambda should be replaced by inverse cube-roots (~10^41 - Dirac's Large Number) or by new modeling.

By the way, this variance in Niobium Cooper-pairs is fairly small. A change in the application of Statistical Mechanics may make-up this difference. Please contrast my Prespacetime Journal volume 1 issue 9 paper with Chapter 4 of my book.

You said that the "curvature of space is limited". I agree. At some energy level, we will promote matter-anti-matter pairs out of the Dirac Sea, and this may have a lattice-like "pinching off of Spacetime" effect. I propose that the core of a static black hole may be surrounded by a Buckyball (a nearly spherical lattice that has lattice bonds to resist it from being deflated by the gravitational near-singularity) consisting of the very fabric of Spacetime. The curvature of the Buckyball initiates Spacetime curvature. There is a smooth homotopy between a pair of nested Buckyballs and a lattice-like torus (donut), and this application may be appropriate for rotating Black Holes. In fact, normal Carbon fullerenes (such as the Buckyball) may have superconductor characteristics. Is the Black Hole core a Superconductor? If so, then a rotating superconducting GEM torus would produce a powerful dynamo. That would tie your ideas, my ideas, and Tajmar's, Chiao's and Podkletnov's ideas together...

I still disagree about 4 fundamental particles, but your field approach is interesting...

Have Fun!

Dr. Cosmic Ray

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 16, 2011 @ 04:58 GMT

Ray,

This reply follows the comment below.

You are concerned that "the limited fields (G,C,E,M) in 4 dimensions do not contain enough degrees of freedom to account for all known generations of "fundamental particles" - at least an SO(10) of fermions and an SU(5) of bosons."

There are only three known generations (and closure of CKM seems to imply that's all there ever will be) and my model produces these three generations.

Then you say "You begin with continuous fields only, and try to insert quantized "fundamental particles", but you omitted talking about Second Quantization, and this is the most accepted method for obtaining quantized particles from continuous fields. I also didn't discuss Second Quantization in my essay, because I proposed that fields and particles are both necessary complementary inverse scales."

Ray, I do not take Second Quantization to be physically real, but only an algebraic approach to "creating" and "annihilating" ideal 'particles' at a 'point'. Nothing real there as far as I'm concerned. I believe I mentioned (on your thread) that my Masters thesis treated the shift in energy levels of an F-center (an imaginary atom formed by an electron trapped in a negative ion vacancy of a crystal). The shifts were due to the interactions of the phonons with the 'atom', and I treated this using Second Quantization for the phonons, but I do not really believe that "quantum fields" exist that create and annihilate phonons, nor do I believe that to be true for fundamental particles.

That's why I don't mention Second Quantization.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 16, 2011 @ 05:40 GMT

Ray,

More specifically, with regard to Second Quantization and phonons: As is true for any system near equilibrium, phonons can be viewed as 'oscillations' and Second Quantization is simply an algebraic technique for adding and subtracting oscillations as one wishes. The same technique turns out to be useful for particles. For an excellent treatment see Anthony Zee's text: "Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell". He remarks (after using a 'mattress' as a model) that "even after 75 years...quantum field theory remains rooted in this harmonic paradigm."

There's a reason for that.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Ray Munroe replied on Feb. 17, 2011 @ 01:56 GMT

Hi Edwin,

An SO(10) (an abreviation for Spin(10)) represents the 45 degrees of freedom of the fermionic content of the Standard Model. This is the 15 degrees of freedom (e_L,v_L,e_R) + (u_L,d_L,u_R,d_R) x 3 colors each per generation times three generations, although the three right-handed neutrinos can be inserted as a singlet group. The Standard Model also includes an SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) bosonic content. I'm not opposed to your field approach, but I know you have serious problems with QCD (and the triality of generations may be S-dual to color), and I have proposed additional fields such as hyperflavor and WIMP-gravity.

Second quantization is the method for treating a wave as a particle. Without second quantization, you have an electromagnetic field without photons. I still contest that wave-particle duality requires both wave and particle treatments of "light".

You quoted "even after 75 years...quantum field theory remains rooted in this harmonic paradigm" that I call wave-particle duality - blaim it on Louis de Broglie.

The paradox is that particles (discrete CDT-like kissing-spheres) can behave like waves (continuous string theory), and waves can behave like particles, but "scales solve the continuous vs. discrete paradox" @ topic #816. How did you like that advertisement for my essay?

Have Fun!

Dr. Cosmic Ray

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Ray,

Thanks for taking another look at my essay, and for checking out Tajmar.

I believe that he's backed off in his interpretation of the Cooper pairs as the source of the gravito-magnetic field. Not his measurement data, just his explanation of its source.

I'm not sure what is meant by 'bridge between electromagnetism and gravity', and I do not believe that gravito-magnetism is related to electro-magnetism other than through the similarity of their respective field equations. It seems to be the case that our universe supports both radial forces and 'deflective' or circulation-type forces, and this applies whether it's mass or charge sourcing the fields.

As for the energy of the cosmological constant, if the energy is that of the C-field, then we would expect it be proportional to the C-field squared, and thus lead to C~10^61. If 3 dimensions come into play I would expect this to lead to a factor of 3 (such as kT~(3/2)mv^2) rather than a cube root, but maybe I am missing your point.

I do not attach much significance to the Niobium Cooper pairs (and I think Tajmar has backed off of that explanation). He has detected the C-field dipole for other materials as well.

You agree that 'the curvature of space is limited'. Did you notice my response to Niklaus above (Feb. 13, 2011 @ 20:13 GMT) expanding upon that sentence.

You conjecture that Buckminsterfullerenes may have superconducting characteristics. I would not be at all surprised. As for Black Holes cores, I don't have much of an opinion there. But rotating Black Holes should produce one hell of a C-field dipole, which I interpret to be the mechanism behind the light-years-long jets emanating from such holes.

I'm all in favor of our ideas working together, and I'll address your disagreement about 4 fundamental particles in a later comment.

Thanks again for looking at my essay. In the last few days we've all got a lot more essays to look at.

Two that I especially like are Julian Barbour's 'Bit from It' and Patricio Valdes-Marin's "Structure and Force".

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

I am not a professional physicist. I am only Scientific American reader. So your essay (maybe very good one) is too complicated to understand and evaluate. Too much equations and professional jargon.

Anyway I wish you good luck!

Walter John

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 16, 2011 @ 21:19 GMT

Dear Walter,

Thanks for the feedback and for your kind wishes.

In another thread Steve Dufourny said:

I have thought about your C field, I think it's interesting and relevant, but I ask me if this field is only for biology?

I ask me also if the evolution and the Newtonian encoding, were there are steps to find it,are the main piece of this field of consciousness???

In fact , do you see this field as a linearity as light and with different frequencies for the polarity with mass.....or do you think it's possible to insert that in the blue gene or jaguar or the last ibm???

That implies some simple conclusions about the artificial intelligence and the number of spheres encoded....compared with a biological mass evolved also.....

At my humble opinion, there is a big big difference dear Edwin No,???

Now if the biology is inserted in the semi conductors, It's intriguing indeed,

Steve

Dear Steve,

As I understand it, you are asking why the C-field, if interpreted as the 'bearer' of awareness and volition 'properties' (i.e., consciousness) would only apply to biology and not semiconductor technology.

In principle, there is no reason, but in practice there are reasons. The simplest is the dependence of field interactions with mass: del cross C ~ p where momentum p is mass times velocity. In biology most of the 'moving parts' are either ions in axons, or proteins, or vesicles. These typically weigh from billions to trillions of times the electron mass, and therefore the local field is that much more 'aware' of them. Thus a C-field effect on a charged electron is essentially below any realistic noise level, whereas at the biological structure level the C-field may be at the nano-volt or higher levels of effect, small, but operative over the period of biological evolution to guide processes in a way that sheer statistics would be very unlikely to provide. And the field may also supply the 'will to survive' that otherwise makes no sense for chemicals in a world of 'dead material'. This is very important.

In addition, these biological particles have extremely complex structures that provide much more than binary logic. And the interconnections of neural networks are in the trillions, whereas the interconnections of semiconductor computers are very regular and sparse and two dimensional. And these neurons behave not only as digital logical but also as an analog computer, vastly increasing the 'compute power'. Also the brain is tightly coupled, through the hypothalamus to the endocrine system, bringing hormones into the picture. Although I have taken two course in immunology, and studied three excellent texts, I find the immune system difficult to comprehend without something like the C-field.

So you are right Steve, that in principle, the C-field may contribute to Artificial Intelligence (or 'real' intelligence) but in practice it does not seem to me to be feasible for the above and other reasons.

Thanks for your lucid questions and the kind way that your started off the questions on the other thread.

Your friend,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Anonymous replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 13:14 GMT

Hello dear Edwin,

Thank you very much for this friendship.It is cool. It's fascinating, I have some ideas of superimposings. You make me crazzy, it's fascinating in fact if the rational logic is inserted with sortings and synchros.

Ps I become crazzy, I see evrywher people which copy my theory, on linkedin, and this and that....I become totally parano.I take my meds but I am totally parano dear Edwin,my health is bad at this moment.Thus don't attach importance to some of my posts sometimes.

ps2 I beleive indeed that the biological mass are different than mineral mass.They are composed by the same essence but they are as tools.the biology is more as a catyzer of evolution.....

Friendly

Steve

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Anonymous replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 23:21 GMT

Steve,

There is a great difference between your 'good' posts and your 'bad' posts. I do not take your 'bad' posts seriously. I do suggest that you try to formulate some threshold or test to ask your self, "Is this one of my good posts or bad posts?" before proceeding.

Most of us have a little wine, or something, and try not to post after a few glasses.

Anyway, everyone wishes you well. Many people are under a lot of stress these days.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Steve Dufourny replied on Feb. 23, 2011 @ 11:52 GMT

Indeed, but my bad posts are sometimes correct about the potential of my discovery. I have already lost all Edwin, Always I am nice, always I give all, and me of course I am without nothing.You are understanding that you.But it is not important, I know who I am and know how my heart is.

HIHII after wine and marijuana ahahah indeed it's more difficult.hihihih miore my meds hihihii you imagine.But it's the life I come from a very small house in a kind of social town,indeed my parents have had very difficult.I pass my young age in the street dear Edwin , alittle as your streets in New york.

I have an idea, we are going to create this sciences center and of course as that we shall help together....it's the complementarity above the vanity implying individualism.

Ps I have an ask how can you say it's a bad post if you don't read it??? hihhi thus conclusion and I am happy you read all my posts, I am honored,and I say that sincerely.hihihi but you are right, I am too much parano, it's due to my bankrupcy in hroticulture and vegetal multiplication.You know Edwin here people causes my lost.I have lost even 12000 vegetals in 1 day due to cold.I Formed people and it was very difficult,even at this momment also.But it's the life, I am stronger, more tired, but stronger.More parano also.It's logic when always people aren't good with you.But as says

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Dear Edwin,

I'd like to say hello and let you know how much I have appreciated reading your comments to other essays. It is always interesting to read your pleasant but insightful encouragement and analysis.

On the first scan of your essay I didn't recognize what you meant by the C field. Now that I come back to it and read it again I am startled by your initial description of "one primordial field." You describe a tangent vector which would make a lot of sense in order for a single field to propel motion that is observed in physics. One extremely nice feature is it would provide an explanation for the laws of thermodynamics without going beyond what can be measured. Of course there would be some reason behind a C field and you suggest possibilities, but I wonder if this could represent the limit of what physics can measure for now anyway.

I wanted to ask about the units in your equations. It seems the equations use more of a system of ideas without specific units, which would be fine. If the math does have specific units I would want to ask more specifically about them in order to follow some of the relations.

Your approach of not taking other theories for granted is admirable and I think you could go even farther. Your analysis of entanglement seems right on. In your comment about not accepting higher dimensions than four, I'm curious if you also could question the concept of space-time by using the C field. Specifically, page 2 describing time is very interesting and I wonder if your description indicates time is something other than a dimension?

I'd like to ask many more questions and hopefully will have a chance later.

Kind Regards, Russell Jurgensen

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 19, 2011 @ 01:22 GMT

Dear Russell Jurgensen,

Thank you for your very kind remarks, and thank you for studying my essay.

The C-field is the 'circulational' aspect of the gravitational field in an analogous way to the magnetic field being the circulational aspect of the electric field. Maxwell conjectured that by replacing charge by mass and E-field by G-field that all of Maxwell's equations for electro-magnetic fields would have similar equations for the 'gravito-magnetic' fields. Maxwell first pointed out that fields have energy. What he did not understand, being 50 years before Einstein's E=mc^2, is that fields therefore have equivalent mass, and therefore the gravito-magnetic fields (G and C) will interact with themselves, which is what Yang and Mills described in 1954. This self-interaction leads to properties that the electro-magnetic fields (which act on charge, but are themselves uncharged) do not have.

Today it is known that the C-field exists, but the strength of the field is at question. Everyone, for reasons of symmetry, I think, assumed that the C-field has roughly the same strength as gravity, but Tajmar has measured 31 orders of magnitude stronger. That matches my calculations based on what I considered reasonable assumptions.

I do drop terms and constants when I am trying to emphasize a point. I mean this to simplify the presentation, but it has confused a few people. The primary equation for the C-field is equation 8 in my essay. The G-field has units L/T^2 (accel) and the C-field has units 1/T (Hz). All constants are shown, c is the speed of light with units (L/T) and kappa is a dimensionless constant that I derive elsewhere. It is where the 10^31 shows up. All terms in this equation end up with units (L/T^3) so the factor mu that scales the momentum p=mv must have the units to force this dimension. Therefore mu must have a mass, and the question is 'what mass'? If mu is based on local mass density, things get very interesting.

I only recently became aware of Nottale's 'scale invariance = motion invariance' and so, as you point out, on page 2 there is essentially no 'motion' until the perfect radial symmetry breaks. This replaces 'motionless' radial symmetry with local vortex motions that provide the first 'clocks' or clock-function in this universe. The question of what 'time' means before this is rather fuzzy.

I have also been re-evaluating my ideas about time due to the earlier fqxi 'time' contest and many fqxi discussions. I am currently leaning toward a 'motion'-based understanding of time, but I would hate to have to define it exactly at this moment. It's a work in progress.

I would be very happy to try to clarify any further questions you might have.

Thanks again, and good luck in the contest.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Russell Jurgensen replied on Feb. 20, 2011 @ 21:59 GMT

Edwin,

Thanks for your thoughtful response. I see now from your note and looking at the essay once more that the gravitational field is the primordial field. At first I was thinking your ideas were very close to my own but now I see they are fairly different. The similarities must come because we are all looking at the same features in nature with different approaches.

Thanks also for describing the units. I see how the math is used to emphasize the points.

Overall a very interesting essay to make me think and ponder.

Kind Regards, Russell Jurgensen

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Edwin,

Your essay's goal is intriguing. Perhaps you can help me understand a few things from the first couple pages.

1. You justify master eq.1 by saying that, if there is only a field, then an operator acting on the field can only be construed as the field acting on itself. It's not clear, though, how the operator comes to exist, or why eq. 1 is the only possibility. Thus, eq. 1 seems to be positing a law or axiom above and beyond the field itself rather than deriving something from the field alone.

2. You say that math and integers are generated from the field. But it seems that math is implicitly assumed already in the meaning of the field itself, and the master equation in particular. How, for example, would one define a directional derivative of the field without math?

Regards,

Tom

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 19, 2011 @ 02:44 GMT

Dear Thomas McFarlane,

The derivation of an 'operator equation' is based simply on the fact that physics tends to be written in terms of such equations. So, if we start with the goal of defining a 'physics' on a one and only substance, with no 'laws of nature' existing in some Platonic dimension, then the only possible operator equation must be that any 'operation on the substance' must be equivalent to 'the substance interacting with itself', since nothing else exists. But this is formal; both operation and substance are undefined at this point.

Then, since we cannot do physics without physical facts, I pull in two facts: Maxwell's energy of field proportional to square of field, and Einstein's energy-mass equivalence. These 'suggest' that the phi*phi term on the right is energy, hence mass, and this 'suggests' that the operator del is the directional derivative, so I explore those suggestions.

Possibly other suggestions could have lead to other areas of exploration. For example, the formal equation, before the terms are defined, may have 'suggested' to me a General Relativistic equation and I may then have explored the consequences of such. It's easier to derive results using the approach I took, but that does not necessarily preclude a 'tensor operator' interpretation.

The issue of math is trickier. I am saying that, unlike some theories that assume a 'mathematical universe' or 'God making the integers', if we can only get 'particles' out of our field, then these particles can be used to construct 'counters' [as shown in reference 3] and, per Kroneckar, 'man can do the rest'. So, since I show how to get 'particles' out of the field, and have shown elsewhere how to build counters from these particles, and men have done the rest, I feel free to use math. It may sound circular, but what I am aiming for is to have math arise from our field, and not have to assume some Platonic world of math outside of our original primordial field.

I hope this makes sense to you.

Those were good questions. Thank you for studying my essay. I would be happy to attempt to answer more questions, if you have them.

Good luck in the contest.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Thomas J. McFarlane replied on Feb. 19, 2011 @ 04:29 GMT

Edwin,

Thanks for your response to the questions. That helps clarify your ideas.

Good luck to you as well!

Regards,

Tom

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 19, 2011 @ 22:38 GMT

A relevant comment on the above from Thomas McFarlane's thread:

My essay in the previous fqxi contest was Fundamental Physics of Consciousness wherein I propose that the essence of one reality is 'awareness and volition' [=consciousness].

To interact with itself, a distributed field must somehow 'be aware of' itself, and any 'action' can imply 'volition'. We can of course ignore these aspects of reality and simply formulate 'potentials' and 'forces', but that doesn't change the facts of what happens, it just symbolizes it.

From this perspective 'volition' is 'free will' and the implication is that consciousness has been here 'from the beginning'. Since over half a century of experiencing and thinking about awareness has convinced me that it could never arise locally from simply arranging the Lego blocks in the 'proper' order, this is compatible with my theory.

I mention this because you seem to want to break the world into 'Order' and 'Chaos', where chaos implies random to me. I prefer the concept of free will, and distinguish free will from random as follows:

free will = action by reason of awareness,

random = action for no reason at all.

This may or may not fit into your scheme of thinking, but it works well for me.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

From my perspective: Randomness is nothing. If it can be identified as action, then it is not randomness. The reason I say this is that action requires reason in order to be described. My point is that there is no action in the universe that is random. Randomness is a hiding place for lack of knowledge. That is what I think. I apologize to Dr. Klingman for interjecting my non-professional opinion; however, he is invited to reason it away. I am interested in learning. I learn every day, usually too late to remove my remarks, but, not too late to learn.

James

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 20, 2011 @ 00:44 GMT

James,

Classical physics is based on deterministic equations, at least when initial and boundary conditions can be specified. Statistical physics is based on the initial conditions not being available to us. Quantum physics is based on deterministic equations whose solution is interpreted as a probability amplitude, introducing an element of uncertainty.

I believe that the major question is whether we live in a deterministic universe in which the big universal clock is wound up, and reality is the predetermined winding down of the clock; no surprises; nothing unexpected [if we had access to all of the initial conditions]. Most of physics seems to at least tacitly support this model.

I don't believe it to be the case, so the question is 'where do surprises come from?'. In this case there seem to be two choices, random or free will.

Random, in the sense it is normally used involves action [I believe]. Whether this is Darwinian action that simply cannot be predicted because of complexity or whether it more basic is not often specified. In this sense random has some connection to 'noise' which has some connection to 'unknown' as a practical matter, which may or may not be compatible with a predetermined reality. This seems to be compatible with your view that "Randomness is a hiding place for lack of knowledge." That's the general meaning of 'noise'.

Your view, that "action requires reason in order to be described" is the correct view from my perspective, because I believe that awareness and volition are the source of 'surprising actions', and not 'random' actions. And I believe that the "reason" involved is essentially "by reason of awareness", and this in my mind includes 'creativity'.

My view does not argue against the reality of 'noise' as a practical matter.

Thanks for your input. I hope the above makes sense and is compatible with your framework of understanding.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 20, 2011 @ 04:51 GMT

James,

Not only do I appreciate your asking me to clarify my comments and ideas, but I have been noticing your other posts around this contest, and I admire the clarity you attempt to bring to each thread. Keep up the good work! I know that you have admired my work, but this should never cause you to hesitate in asking a question or pointing out what you see as a problem.

Your friend,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

I posted the following on another thread, in response to the statement: "...the most successful theory of all time, as measured by how closely it matches experiment, is QED."

Over 60 years of QED calculations of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron [up to 12,000 Feynman diagrams involved in the latest such calculation] have produced the eight [or so] place accuracy of QED. But, after this calculation is made, I believe the fine structure constant [upon which it is based] is adjusted, based on the results of the latest calculation of the anomaly. This should lead, over 6 decades, to a very accurate 'correlation' between these two.

Also, as of 1998, the vacuum energy, which is central to QED, was found to be overestimated by QED by 120 orders of magnitude. It would seem that this would call for 50 years of QED calculations to be redone, but I don't believe that this has happened. Why not?

Just a year or so ago, protons were assumed to have a significant contribution from the virtual 'sea of strange quarks', but this has not turned out to be the case. I don't know whether to blame QED or QCD, but it would seem to be related to vacuum energy.

What bother's me is that 'virtual particles' seem to be the best imaginable 'fudge factor' because the particles aren't measured but simply provide the means to 'fit' calculations to reality.

Finally, the recent recent QED calculations of the proton radius based on the experimental data from 'muonic hydrogen' is off by 4 percent. Since this is the simplest possible system one would expect better of QED. Does this mean that QED now has one place accuracy? [Which would put it in the same realm as QCD.]

I have generally been unable to get answers to these [and related] questions, and I welcome any experts who could help me understand what's going on.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Sir,

We have watched your comments at various threads. Here is our comment below the Essay of Ms. Georgina Parry. We thought you may be interested in this because we have discussed some issues relating to unification of forces.

You discuss observed Image reality and unobserved Image reality. By this we understand directly perceptible and indirectly perceptible or inferred. You...

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basudeba,

As I believe I have remarked to you, I have become aware recently of how many people seem to find problems with special relativity, and, I noted that often, "where there is smoke, there is fire." I have derived a formula for 'time dilation' from my Master equation, and I have begun to look at 'relativistic mass' as a manifestation of the C-field equation (#8 in my essay), but I have not given much thought to 'length contraction'. Thank you for your comments.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin,

Wonderful essay!! (Trying to get caught up reading others since mine posted four days ago.)

With regard to your interest in the local vs. nonlocal issue: I attempt to hypothesize in my essay, if there would be any measurable difference between expected interference patterns for Copenhagen Interpretation vs. a De Broglie-Bohm type model in the double slit experiment. For instance, Bohm described the "wave" as an active Schrodinger type wave and the electron would be attracted to the parts of the wave that would ultimately correspond with areas of measurement on the detector wall. To me this means that the electron could begin its journey anywhere on the leading edge of the wave front, but might have to shift or jump positions if it is headed for destructive interference (since we know the electron won't dissapear).

Since the electron would have to jump in that model and not in the Copenhagen model - I propose that the final expected distributions for the interference pattern may possibly be different. In the end, each simulation may turn out to be identical, but if someone someday were willing to do the painstaking work, a discrepancy might turn up that would allow us to accept or reject the role of the wave as being more of a "pilot" as opposed to representing the electron itself.

Any thoughts?

Chris

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 21, 2011 @ 00:55 GMT

Chris,

I've looked at your paper and you do a great job of showing up the absurdities currently implied by quantum mechanics. I especially liked your examination of "where does the charge go?" and "where does the mass go?" when the electron is in its 'unphysical' state before being measured.

Having just re-read John Bell' 1990 paper "Against 'Measurement'" where he finds various QM authorities in conflict with each other and appears to want to 'bring back' the deBroglie-Bohm 'pilot wave' by searching for a way to stop the 'spreading' of the electron wave-function, I am once again struck by the fact that so many on this site are so sure about quantum mechanics, despite Feynman's contention that no one understands it and despite Bell's clear confusion about fundamental issues.

You mention EPR and Bell and note that Bell's inequality has "since been put to the test many times." If you have not yet had a chance to read Joy Christian's work here, you might wish to do so. If Bell's inequality was wrongly calculated [as I believe] then all of the so-called 'violations' of the inequality mean absolutely nothing!

Then you ask the fascinating question, "Is there any explanation why a photon and an electron will produce the same pattern in a double slit experiment?" Excellent question! The explanation is shown on page 6 of my essay where the C-field circulation induced by the 'particle' momentum "looks the same" for both photons and electrons, and it is the C-field that interacts with the mass surrounding the slits. Note that the C-field does not 'carry' the particle, like the Bohm 'quantum potential'. The relation between the C-field wave circulation and the momentum of the particle is Lenz-law-like as described in my essay. If one changes, the other changes.

By the way, I also loved your question about identity while 'spread out'. Why doesn't the 'disappeared' electron re-appear as a muon? [The cheeseburger is not realistic.] I'll fore-go my comments on the Many Worlds Interpretation, so as to avoid irritating the believers.

Finally, I am looking at the wave-function (also on page 6 in my essay) and trying to determine how to achieve Bell's goal of 'stopping the spreading'. It seems that this is the case when the C-field equation is taken into account, but I need to convince myself first.

So thank you for reading my essay (it may make more sense the next time) and thanks for writing an excellent essay yourself. Good luck in the contest.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Hello Edwin,

I have been re-reading your post to me under my essay concerning the C-field. I decided to continue that conversation under your essay posts.

You write,

“As for the C-field, Maxwell first noted that if mass replaced charge, and gravity replaced the electric field, then Coulomb's law and Newton's law are identical. He decided, based on this symmetry, to use G and mass in place of E and charge in all of Maxwell's equations. But since there is an (electro-)magnetic field, he needed an analogous (gravito-)magnetic field to complete the equations. The C-field is my name for what Maxwell and others refer to simply as the gravito-magnetic field. It has nothing to do with the magnetic field, it is the gravity analog thereof.”

O.K. So now I know what you mean by C-field. To tell the truth, I am still having trouble understanding the electro-magnetic field in 'physical terms' (which has been my aim in physics). We know that Maxwell's Eqs. mathematically describe ('model') the behavior of electromagnetism. But as I stated in my previous posts, 'description' is not the same as 'explanation'. What physically is electromagnetism and what is the physical explanation between electric current and magnetic fields and visa versa? How does one physically derive from the other?

Because I have no answers to these questions, discussions on mass and charge and gravity are missing in my essay . What I seek to avoid is 'more math' with 'no physics'. And who would know that better than someone 'outside of the faith'!

We agree that physical space cannot be 'empty' (a self-contradiction!). You fill space with the C-field while in my essay I fill space with the quantity 'eta'. Since space is filled by 'space', regardless of what we say, could it be the two are connected? If so, than you are in a better position to make that connection.

You also write,

“... the laws[of the universe] must evolve from the universe itself. “

Yes, we may agree on that point! But 'how' do these laws evolve from the universe? Through some mathematical equation that aims to 'describe' that universe? That would imply perhaps fixed and eternal and unchangeable laws. If so, than we differ. I can't go that far in my faith on Man to know such mysteries of 'what is'. The best and only think we can have is to know our 'measurements' of 'what is'. What I mean when I say that 'measurement' if the essence of Physics.

Constantinos

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 21, 2011 @ 21:21 GMT

Constantinos,

You are not alone in trying to understand "the electro-magnetic field in physical terms". And I agree that 'description' is not the same as 'explanation'.

What I believe and what you may believe is that 'intuition' is the final arbiter in physics. There are very many who do NOT believe this. They probably began with Bohr, and certainly are carrying on this belief with 'non-locality' and non-reality. There seems to me little chance that the two sides will come together on this point. In that sense, physics is like a horse race; 'you pays yer money and you takes yer choice'.

You ask an excellent question: "What physically is electromagnetism and what is the physical explanation between electric current and magnetic fields and vice versa? How does one physically derive from the other?"

I find little problem intuitively understanding this is terms of 'fluid' concepts, and my model predicted a 'perfect fluid' at the RHIC and at LHC when ions are collided at ultra-high energies. I suspect this fluid is a continuum, despite the fact that our 'earthly' fluids, like water, can be viewed as discrete. So, at the moment, most of my conception is based on concepts of 'fluid flow', and Maxwell's equations, including the C-field equation, are best understood in terms of fluid fields. And the key concept for the C-field is 'vortex flow' with a Yang-Mills self-interaction and Chern class zero connectivity.

In this regard, I view space as 'filled' with (fluid-like) a gravito-electric field (gravity, G) and its corresponding gravito-magnetic aspect (the C-field) and, as I derive in my essay, there seems to be a basic 'condition' or 'constraint' that is required to have either the equations or the physical interpretations make sense, and this is that Planck's constant of "action" be physically "real" in some sense. That is one reason that I like your 'accumulation of energy' approach, although you seem to view it as strictly mathematical, I view it as a real threshold below which no transitions occur. What you think of as 'eta' I view as the gravitic field with its radial and rotational properties, subject to the constraints implied by h-bar.

As for your last paragraph, that is what both of my essays concern. It was hard to squeeze them into 20 pages and impossible to squeeze into one paragraph.

Thanks for your comment and good luck in the contest,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Constantinos Ragazas replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 02:02 GMT

Edwin,

Your last post clarifies a lot. We may have more agreement here than I previously thought. And what disagreements there may be could also be cleared up with further discussion.

You write,

“ … the physical interpretations [to] make sense, … is that Planck's constant of "action" be physically "real" in some sense. That is one reason that I like your 'accumulation...

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 02:37 GMT

Constantinos,

I'm glad that you are seeing some connections. Although there seem to be a few here who imagine a purely mathematical world with no 'substance', I cannot find any way to make sense of that view.

You seem to realize this: "the one quantity that ties all this to the physical world is the 'prime physis quantity eta'. This quantity is left 'undefined and undefinable'. But it really can be considered to be the 'what is'! I don't believe that we can 'know' what this is."

I agree that we can't know, and that is why, in my previous fqxi essay I pointed out that although current theories are based on physics abstractions such as: Gravity, String theories, Electro-magnetics, Quantum field theories, Strong and weak forces, Dark matter and energy, Extra dimensions, Extra universes, and Consciousness, only two of these are immediately sensible and directly experienced by humans: gravity and consciousness [and a small segment of the electro-magnetic spectrum].

So I prefer to base my theories upon what I directly experience, rather than what others have imagined, and abstractly represented. That is why I choose gravity as key, and why [I believe] I am able to derive all known physics from it.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

I am sorry for not commenting on your essay sooner. It was amongst the very first that I have read, and I have read more than I have commented upon. I wanted to carefully re read it to understand as much as I could.

I think you make some really excellent points at the very outset. The first is that everything should be made as simple as possible. You have demonstrated in...

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Dear Edwin,

I am sorry for not commenting on your essay sooner. It was amongst the very first that I have read, and I have read more than I have commented upon. I wanted to carefully re read it to understand as much as I could.

I think you make some really excellent points at the very outset. The first is that everything should be made as simple as possible. You have demonstrated in one of your comments in the thread how very few assumption are required to produce the observed physics with this model.That has to be important. It is a very striking comparison with Verlinde's list. (Not sure he'd be happy about that.) Why have a highly complex explanation when a simpler one explains the evidence just as well? Perhaps because having constructed a mathematical monstrosity it is hard to walk away from it and start on a new fresh path.I consider you a brave pioneer. I appreciate that it is not easy for qualified and highly experienced physicist to walk against the tide.

You also point out that physics should not be attributed to causes outside of space and time. We have both argued for this in our own way. A very, very important point in my opinion.I can see a real split between those that want metaphysical explanations and those that want realism.The discussion of the map not being the territory is also important. I liked the list of particles that are mathematically shown to exist but have not been "seen". The quote by Godwin was good too. I had not heard it before but it is well said.

I also think it was good to answer a selection of questions posed by FQXi. It shows you are keeping it real and foundational and relevant. I have not seen that done elsewhere but there are now more essays than I can possibly read.

Though you do explain the C-field in the essay , your explanation of the c-field given to Constantinos is helpful. Edwin I can't comment on the mathematics. You know more than me and since there has been no negative feedback on the mathematics itself only the theoretical reasons for using it I assume it is well done. I agree that the bosons are most likely not particles as such but manifestations of what is occurring in the (very possibly continuous) medium or as you like to think field.I like the way you have made a neutino. It is neat but like Constantinos I will have to sit on the fence and say just because it is neat and simple it is not necessarily so...but it could be.

I think because you are talking about a single field as cause and I am talking about a single medium, we are referring to the same thing. So this is another overlap in our thinking.In space-time "received reality" as you say, fields are experienced but in foundational reality it will not be just the effect but the cause that is present. In space-time a medium is not necessary as fields can be used instead and as the medium is inert and undetectable it does not form a part of that space-time reality...but there has to be a reason for the field.

Constantinos asks about the magnetic field.I have thought it might be the alignment of many electrons that causes the magnetic effect. Perhaps it is the orientation of electron spin in a magnet or travel along a wire that is able to set up a disturbance (of a medium) experienced as a field which is then able to disturb materials containing free electrons with same or different spin. Perhaps that is naive, but there does currently seem to be a lack of scientific explanation. We just have no way of seeing what is there.

It is clearly written,enjoyable for both specialists and non specialists, and the diagrams are a nice addition.I really hope you get lots of interested and open minded readers. You have clearly said a lot of things that need saying and will hopefully be influential in the development of a new realism in physics.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 21, 2011 @ 22:40 GMT

Georgina,

You have no idea how happy your comments make me. Having read your ideas for years and seen your understanding develop in more cogent form, I am much impressed with your understanding, as reflected in your essay, and even more so because you achieve this without math. In fact, that is why I am so pleased that you find my theory reasonable, even though you cannot judge the math. I trust your 'intuition' much more than I trust the highly specialized mathematics that have been applied to what really amounts to very small aspects and domains of reality. Or conversely, to Multiverses, extra dimensions, and other imagined domains that have no reality at all, in the sense of observation or prediction.

As I mentioned above, re-reading Bell's paper convinces me that he, like Feynman, did not claim to understand quantum mechanics. For this reason, I find it hard to digest that today's 'experts' understand quantum mechanics well enough to forsake local realism in terms of mystical concepts, which lead into stranger and stranger ideas of reality. You will not get much out of Joy Christian's work, which is highly mathematical, but you should understand that he claims Bell made a mistake in deriving his 'inequality' and therefore all of the wild claims, based on 'violation' of such, are baseless. I believe this to be true.

So, thank you for making the effort [and I know it was an effort] to read and come to some judgment of my essay. I value your opinion highly.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin,

Thank you for your kind words on my essay. I just found out about Joy Christian’s paper through reading your thread yesterday. I will try to read it over the next couple of days. I will also think about your C-field propagation mechanism relating to electrons and photons alike. With regard to page 5 of your essay: Could we say that the G-field is a variation or manifestation of the C-field? I ask because you suggest the commonality of each field experiencing a curvature, as well as relating electrons and quarks as a limit for one, and a black hole (also made of electrons and quarks) as a limit for the other. So are the fields curving while space is curving too, or not necessarily? Or do these fields for all practical purposes represent space?

I also share your concern about cheeseburgers spontaneously appearing, although I have a friend who can make several disappear in less than a minute.

Good luck to you as well!

Chris

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 02:08 GMT

Chris,

You said it well: these fields, for all practical purposes, represent space (by 'filling' space.) The G- and C-fields are related as follows:

The C-field is the 'circulational' aspect of the gravitational field in an analogous way to the magnetic field being the circulational aspect of the electric field.

Maxwell conjectured that by replacing charge by mass and E-field by G-field that all of Maxwell's equations for electro-magnetic fields would have similar equations for the 'gravito-magnetic' fields. Maxwell first pointed out that fields have energy. What he did not understand, being 50 years before Einstein's E=mc^2, is that fields therefore have equivalent mass, and therefore the gravito-magnetic fields (G and C) will interact with themselves, which is what Yang and Mills described in 1954. This self-interaction leads to properties that the electro-magnetic fields (which act on charge, but are themselves uncharged) do not have.

Today it is known that the C-field exists, but the strength of the field is at question. Everyone, for reasons of symmetry, I think, assumed that the C-field has roughly the same strength as gravity, but Tajmar has measured 31 orders of magnitude stronger. That matches my calculations based on what I considered reasonable assumptions.

The name 'gravito-magnetic' is both a blessing and a curse. Those who have a good intuitive feel for electro-magnetic field behaviors, can immediately understand many aspects of the C-field behavior. But it also tends to confuse others because the C-field is completely and absolutely distinct from magnetic fields. I don't know how to avoid this double edged sword, except through this and similar remarks.

In the same way that the existence of charge gives rise to an electric field E, the existence of mass gives rise to a gravity field G. Furthermore, it is the motion of charge that gives rise to the magnetic field B, and analogously the motion of mass that gives rise to the C-field. In this sense E and G may be considered 'primary' fields and B and C as 'derived' or 'secondary' fields.

You pose an excellent question about curvature. Instead of repeating an above comment, I will refer you to my comment above made on Feb. 13, 2011 @ 20:13 GMT

As for Joy Christian's work, his math is beyond most of us, but it makes sense to me. And if he is correct, the consequences are absolutely major for physics, since all of the so-called 'violations' of Bell's inequality would mean nothing.

And finally, if you know someone who can make the cheeseburgers 'disappear' then logic seems to demand that they can 'appear'. Wow!

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Steve Dufourny replied on Feb. 22, 2011 @ 13:20 GMT

hihihi indeed after rereading and without parano, I agree it's a good idea about Bell's violations, after all the determinism is so so essential.It is the sister of our realism.The newtonian fractalization is rational and finite.But of course we are far of walls.

Regards

Steve

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Edwin

I found myself commenting to the head of an eminent institution recently that the kind of thinking Architecture teaches is that foundations can be an invisible box.

Anyone trying to think 'outside of the box' must first find what and where it's boundaries are and study why they are there, how they were built, and how new knowledge might allow improvement.

If Sir Christopher Wren was given a set of 100 year old foundations to build Saint Paul's, he'd have only been able to come up with some fancy new patches on a 100 year old architecture.

We can't build anything without solid foundations, but foundation design evolves like anything else. We need them to commence construction not to restrict design. I work with the engineer who moves bridges and lighthouses on roller skates, but only when it proves to be the right answer.

Human nature ensures that many in science don't see the invisible box of foundations, or feel insecure without them. It's probably good that some have those instincts, as it's good some cosmology seems to need no link with nature at all.

But what I believe you and I are doing is carefully considering the foundations in context of the overall architecture of nature. I believe we are correct. The point Tom made about non locality is likely to be true if using the foundations Tom finds it essential to live with, but they will never produce St Pauls, and probably won't help us better understand the other 999 thousandths "..of 1% of what nature has revealed to us" (AE), because it obscures observation of the 3rd way to reality, the solution lying one conceptual level up from simply local or absolute.

I'm impressed how many here are now realising there can be local reality, and your essay is a catalyst, for which it earns my own top mark. I hopefully help by exposing the compatibility with empirical evidence, Georgina by reminding all of the difference between what is real and apparent, and others of other aspects. I feel this is the green shoot of science finally regenerating, but it is up to us to nurture it among the mature complexity of the established undergrowth.

The competition results will be interesting, and could aid a spring flourish, but I doubt even a foundational physics site will prove happy facing new foundations! Let's not let it die whatever.

Peter

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 25, 2011 @ 21:34 GMT

Peter,

Your comments on foundations do apply to architecture and to physics. I've only read about 2/3 of the essays, but I'm impressed by the variety of approaches to math and physics, and encouraged by the number of essays based on realism. I'm becoming increasingly convinced that non-realism and non-locality is a self-defeating proposition, doomed to mystical, never-provable theories,...

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Peter,

Your comments on foundations do apply to architecture and to physics. I've only read about 2/3 of the essays, but I'm impressed by the variety of approaches to math and physics, and encouraged by the number of essays based on realism. I'm becoming increasingly convinced that non-realism and non-locality is a self-defeating proposition, doomed to mystical, never-provable theories, based on math that has been inherently 'incomplete' since Godel.

As Jason pointed out above, one can theorize in 'other worldly realms' (Multiverses, extra dimensions, branes, etc.) with no fear of being falsified. For those who enjoy this game, it can last for a very long time, but it may, in the end, damage science both economically and sociologically, since predictions are few and falsifiablility is missing, and non-local mysticism differs little from religion. In contrast, my theory has predicted no Higgs and no new particles for five years now. All that is necessary to falsify it is to find any of the dozen conjectured particles: axions, SUSY, Higgs, dilatons, inflatons, anyons, instantons, WIMPs , sphalerons, dark matter, etc.

If Joy Christian is correct, non-locality is nonsense, and even if he's wrong, there are other reasons to doubt current interpretations. So thanks for the boost.

The other focus, as indicated in my essay, should be on anomalies that we know to exist. Rather than go deeper and deeper into other dimensions and worlds, one should address the places where current theory breaks down. For example, as noted on Ian Durham's thread, QED has significant problems. For years it's been "the most accurate theory", with about 9 place accuracy. But this was based largely on the calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, using the fine structure constant, and then the fine structure constant was updated according to the latest value of the magnetic moment. Any wonder that 60 years of such circular tuning achieved 9 place accuracy?

The "virtual particles" used in Feynman diagrams provide the best 'fudge factor' one can imagine. They're not measurable, and can be adjusted to make calculations match other measurements. Even 120 orders of magnitude change in vacuum energy (the source of these particles) has no effect! For some classes of problems this has worked well. The Lamb shift of hydrogen yields 5 or 6 place accuracy. But when one "changes" hydrogen, QED suffers badly. Replace the proton by a positron, and QED has only 3 place accuracy. If the electron is replaced by a muon, then QED drops to about one place accuracy--roughly the same as QCD has had for fifty years! So our vaunted 'Quantum Dynamics' can't stray far from 'preferred' areas of application without severe problems.

My theory at least qualitatively explains these [and other] anomalies, and it seems that a number of essays here provide some support for my theory, and vice versa. And I do propose physics experiments to address the analog/digital question.

I hope you're correct that "this is the green shoot of science finally regenerating, but it is up to us to nurture it among the mature complexity of the established undergrowth." Thanks to fqxi for supporting this enterprise.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Dear Dr. Klingman,

I find this to be a very insightful and thought provoking essay. That is you have thus demonstrated how nature could be considered as both digital and analog and not be a contradiction, yet on the contrary rather a necessity. Now I must admit that my metaphysical center tells me the world can only be explained by way of a dual ontology, which immediately has me to favour physical explanations for its substance(s) and action(s) such as those proposed by deBroglie and Bohm. That is up until the reading of your paper I never considered this could be satisfied with it all beginning with a homogenous field; as rather having a holistic continuum being somehow forcedly invaded (introduced to) by what would be considered discrete entities seemed to me more understandable and natural.

However if I'm taking what your proposing correctly, it suggests that what we find to be discrete entities emerged from the field and thus I find it intriguing that this might satisfy my metaphysical intuition, while lending explanation as to how a singular ontology might evolve into a dual one to have the world as we find it. Never the less what still eludes me, is in asking (how and why) such a system would evolve into the other, as being the impetuous for what has something so seemingly simple and complete, to become so complex, while at the same time appearing as it seeking rather completion (resolution)?

Regards,

Phil

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 26, 2011 @ 18:15 GMT

Dear Phil,

Yours is one of the most rewarding comments I have received. I too spent many years with a dualistic ontology. So I am extremely pleased that you can state: "That is up until the reading of your paper I never considered this could be satisfied with it all beginning with a homogeneous field".

And your question is just as relevant: "asking (how and why) such a system would evolve into the other."

The 'physics' answer is simply that 'symmetry broke'. At the big bang each radial 'ray' of out-flowing energy (hence mass) would induce a circulating C-field about it based on the basic equation, but the perfect symmetry was such that the lefthanded C-field element circulating about one ray was exactly equal and opposite to that induced by a neighboring element, so all of the C-field was suppressed. In this sense, the C-field was 'there' all along, but perfectly 'suppressed' by symmetry. This symmetry broke when a 'quantum fluctuation' occurred, which is a physicist's way of saying "we don't know why it changed."

Hector Zenil has remarked on this on his thread: "Of course one can ask about the cause of the first symmetry breaking just as one can ask about the cause of the Big Bang and the causes of it's causes. I think at the end we will end up giving up on the first cause simply because either there is a first uncaused cause or because we cannot go indefinitely backwards in time looking always for the cause of the cause."

I'm afraid that I can't offer more than Hector did. But if one accepts that at some point an action occurred, (releasing the suppressed C-field energy and initiating 'inflation') then we progress from a seemingly timeless, globally symmetric self-defined scale-invariant universe to a locally asymmetric self-interacting (Yang-Mills) field that either will collapse to an infinitely dense point or will reach a stable configuration, bringing local entities into existence, and as they say, "the rest is history."

Your comment is heartwarming. It is very rewarding to be told that you've opened a view of a unitary ontology in contrast with a dualistic ontology. Thank you for studying my essay to the point that you got something valuable from it.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

i seriously doubt that a C-field can explain the entire evolution of the physical and the spiritual aspects of reality. I have pondered about wether a primordial field like yours could explain all this; the symmetry of your C-field should have been broken at some point far away in the past. The question is, why should it have to be broken at this point and not at another point in the past, for the C-field is assumed to be primordial at its basement. And why should it break its own symmetry at all? As Phil Warnell above suggests, in the latter case the field must have a somewhat primordial in-built duality to do this out of its own. But in that case i arrive at an arbitrary cut between field (timeless) and particles (time-dependent).

Sincerely,

Stefan

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 26, 2011 @ 18:49 GMT

Dear Stefan,

You say: "i seriously doubt that a C-field can explain the entire evolution of the physical and the spiritual aspects of reality."

That's a tough critique. I do believe that I can demonstrate that the C-field does lead to today's physical universe. But when you throw in 'spiritual' the problem gets to be much harder, and is generally considered outside the bounds of...

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Dear Stefan,

You say: "i seriously doubt that a C-field can explain the entire evolution of the physical and the spiritual aspects of reality."

That's a tough critique. I do believe that I can demonstrate that the C-field does lead to today's physical universe. But when you throw in 'spiritual' the problem gets to be much harder, and is generally considered outside the bounds of physics.

As you may recall, my previous essay, Fundamental Physics of Consciousness proposed that any primordial field "interacting" with itself could be described as "self-aware" [instead of being described as merely 'acting at a distance due to Newton's equation]. But this self-awareness, with the perfect symmetry of the field was only a 'global self-awareness' or 'identity'. When, for whatever reason [see the above comment to Phil] this symmetry broke, then 'local self-awareness' appeared in the field and 'self and other' entered the picture. There are many simplistic spiritual interpretations of this, and, against my better judgment, I will quote Alan Watts explanation for children: "God also likes to play hide-and seek, but because there is nothing outside God, he has no one but himself to play with. But he gets over this difficulty by pretending he is not himself. This is his way of hiding from himself. he pretends that he is you and I and all the people in the world, all the animals, all the plants, all the rocks, and all the stars. In this way he has strange and wonderful adventures, some of which are terrible and frightening. But these are just like bad dreams, for when he wakes up they will disappear."

"Now when God plays hide and pretends that he is you and I, he does it so well that it takes him a long time to remember where and how he hid himself. But that's the whole fun of it--just what he wanted to do. He doesn't want to find himself too quickly, for that would spoil the game."

As I said, I hesitate to bring 'spirituality' into fqxi, and I am not selling the above interpretation, just pointing out that my physics is not entirely incompatible with a simplistic view. Every spiritual teaching must be presented in a form that is understandable to children. Unfortunately, many reject the childish version and never reach adult spirituality, and that is, in my opinion, why Templeton funded fqxi in the first place.

I hope this, admittedly over-simple, "spiritual explanation" of why 'symmetry broke' from an initially 'global' entity to a myriad 'local' entities seems to be consistent with the physics I have described, but THIS EXPLANATION IS NOT PART OF MY ESSAY. It is presented only in response to your question.

Thanks for thinking seriously about my theory, Stefan.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Stefan Weckbach replied on Feb. 26, 2011 @ 19:33 GMT

Dear Edwin,

thank you very much for your considerations about my question. I also read your answer to Phil Warnell's questions and there i also agree with your answers. Although i have difficulties to think about consciousness as left- and/or righthanded (it would presuppose a kind of space-orientation), i think, that your ansatz is as legitimate as all the others to describe the symmetry-breaking. I now think that we are not so far away from each other's views than i originally thought. Maybe the physically interpreted "left- or righthandedness" of your field becomes another meaning once we arrive at the more complete picture of our spiritual/physical reality. So this handedness does not necessarily presuppose a kind of space-orientation.

Thank you again for your answers,

Sincerely

Stefan

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Hello Edwin,

Loved the essay. I particularly liked the concept of scale as a model associated with motion and all the unanswered questions in the summary.

I associate scale to fractal structure from an artistic perspective. If you get a chance check out my essay here

Pete

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 27, 2011 @ 20:08 GMT

Dear David,

I'm glad you found my essay interesting. I found your artistic approach to be original and pleasing. I encourage you to continue this approach. I am finding many novel ideas and insights in this fqxi contest, and I suspect you too will find many that will stimulate new ideas for your art.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin

Sorry, the link I put in my message doesn't seem to work.

Here is the address: http://fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/893

Good luck

Pete

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Eugene,

I just read Paul N Butler's essay at http://www.fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/849. This may be good reading for you, too.

Rafael

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On the Universe as Computation:

A number of physicists are focused on the "Universe as a Computer", with comments such as: "[It] may be as simple as to believe that the universe is just computing itself", and, "if someone or something ran the universe code,...".

But it is well to remember that analog computers are based on real elements, connected in such a way that their real physical behavior produces the desired output. In this sense a continuous real field, interacting with itself, is essentially an analog computer.

My essay assumes that initially only one thing exists [the primordial field] such that evolution of the universe can only proceed by self-interaction, leading to our current reality. So this real field, interacting with itself, is essentially an analog computer.

If the field itself is a 'real' analog computer, neither 'program code' nor 'digital computer' concepts are required. David Tong states that "no one knows how to formulate a discrete version of the laws of physics," and also that "no one knows how to write down a discrete version of the Standard Model" and so we cannot simulate the known laws of physics on a computer.

And as I noted in Brian Whitworth's 'VR' essay, if the "computer" is analog, there need be no "program code" since analog computers may simply be designed via the inter-connections.

Tommaso Bolognesi seems to agree when he states that "Perhaps ... there is no actual, physical, Digital Computer that runs it, in the same way as we do not require power for an Analog Computer to run, say, the Navier-Stokes or Einstein equations, under an analog-based understanding of the universe."

The field equations are analog and the field itself is the actual physical 'analog computer' that 'executes' the 'code' for our universe.

It is understandable that those concerned with simulating reality on a digital computer might be concerned with 'algorithmic processes', but I don't believe that the idea of replacing a real analog computer [field] capable of explaining today's reality with an imagined 'digital computer' that exists in some other dimension, if not some other world, is a step forward.

Why ignore an existing analog computer for an imagined digital computer?

Edwin Eugene Klingman

John Merryman replied on Feb. 28, 2011 @ 04:04 GMT

Edwin,

It seems from a practical point of view that there is that analog connectivity, but there still need to be distinctions, otherwise there would only be a featureless equilibrium. The result being a profound dichotomy, as we need the connectivity to perceive the distinctions and the distinctions to give any focus, meaning or definition to the connectivity. A perfect equilibrium would be a big flatline on the universal heart monitor.

The distinctions are information and structure, while the connectivity is the energy manifesting and motivating these defining distinctions. Since the energy is by definition in motion, it's constantly creating new structure and consuming/erasing old structure. So while energy evolves from one configuration to the next, these forms come into being, grow, eventually start losing more energy than they absorb and eventually fade away, as the energy radiates out to other functions. So there is just this kaleidoscope of activity, but it is that relationship between the energy and the information which creates the effect of time, as energy goes from past to future and information goes future to past.

It is bottom up analog, because it is fundamentally energy, but it is top down information, because there is no energy if it cannot be expressed. If the energy exists, it will create information and information cannot exist without the energy to manifest it.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Feb. 28, 2011 @ 20:03 GMT

John,

You say, "It seems from a practical point of view that there is that analog connectivity, but there still need to be distinctions,otherwise there would only be a featureless equilibrium."

This may be a problem in your "big-bang-less" universe, but my model produces structure right off the bat. As soon as the perfect symmetry breaks, there is particle creation and complex forces are at play.

What you say of energy is generally correct, but I'm not sure that 'information' has anything to do with it. Information is descriptive in nature and depends upon context. It's not clear to me that information comes into play at the fundamental level I'm discussing. I agree that "information cannot exist without the energy to manifest it" but I'm not sure what you mean by "there is no energy if it cannot be expressed".

Edwin Eugene Klingman

John Merryman replied on Mar. 1, 2011 @ 02:51 GMT

Edwin,

Say that all there is, is a wave passing though space which is otherwise occupied by random particles. It perturbs them, possibly transferring some energy which is further dissipated as those particles settle back into equilibrium. Presumably the wave and particles define some amount of information. When they interact, it produces a further emergent level of information. While the energy contained in the wave and particles is conserved, even if transferred around the medium, the levels of definition, the waves, particles, their interaction, etc. form, build and then fade away. The energy is. The details come and go.

As of late January, the oldest, furtherest discovered galaxy is 13.2 billion light years away. According to inflation theory, at the very beginning of the expansion was that initial stage that inflated the universe to much larger than is currently visible, which is why it appears flat. Much like a small portion of the earth's surface appears flat. This also means that gravitational sources were rather widely distributed, since it is gravity which causes curvature. So how it is that this much mass energy could coalesce in 500 million years? Think about it for a moment: Inflation flattens gravity out fairly smoothly, presumably even dark matter, as its only effect is gravity. So we are not talking the direct aftereffect of some tightly bound source. There are at most ripples of energy in space. Then they coalesce into a large enough galaxy/galaxy cluster that it is visible 13.2 billion light years away. The Andromeda Galaxy is a million lightyears away and we are talking mass. How long would it take to gravitationally attract some mass object floating around that far away? The earth alone is some 4 billion years old. I'm really not a fan of beating my head against a wall and I seem to do this with Big Bang theory, but it just doesn't come close to adding up.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 1, 2011 @ 06:28 GMT

John,

You state: "Say that all there is, is a wave passing though space which is otherwise occupied by random particles. It perturbs them, possibly transferring some energy which is further dissipated as those particles settle back into equilibrium."

I'm sorry but this just makes no sense to me. My essay describes a universe based on one thing and one thing alone, and shows how that thing can evolve into today's world as we know it. You seem to want to start with 'space occupied by random particles' and them 'pass some kind of wave through them'. Where did the particles come from? Where did the wave come from? I simply prefer that things make sense from the start, not that pieces are grabbed out of thin air and put together for purpose of argument.

You further state: "Presumably the wave and particles define some amount of information. When they interact, it produces a further emergent level of information."

I don't agree with this. As I said above, "Information is descriptive in nature and depends upon context." I do not see what is gained by saying that "the waves and particles define some amount of information."

And as for, "I'm really not a fan of beating my head against a wall and I seem to do this with Big Bang theory, but it just doesn't come close to adding up."

John, it adds up for me. I'd suggest you read my essay again, but you seem to prefer to simply rail against the big bang. It works well in my theory, and I don't see that you have a replacement theory that evolves into today's world. And as I mentioned when we last discussed this [Jan. 15, 2011 @ 11:32 GMT] "...within the last year or so I read things like, 'the Milky Way is twice as thick as we thought', and, just last month I read 'there are three times as many stars as we thought.' In other words, I don't trust the cosmological numbers, and therefore I don't get overly concerned about "a recently discovered galaxy cluster at 12.6 billion light years", [or the latest one at 13.2]."

I also explained then that if the C-field is involved in galaxy formation it would speed things up. So the timing that's bothering you doesn't bother me, first because I don't trust all cosmological data and second because it doesn't take the C-field into account.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Edwin,

" but I'm not sure what you mean by "there is no energy if it cannot be expressed"."

How would energy manifest, if it didn't produce any disturbance? What would move? What would interact? How would it be energy, if there was no measurable motion or interaction? The motion/interaction would be the information.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 1, 2011 @ 05:39 GMT

John,

You state: "The motion/interaction would be the information."

It seems to me that you are making up definitions. I don't define "motion/interaction" as "information". Motion and or interaction is just motion and or interaction to me. I don't see any point in bringing another term into the picture when there are already so many people confused about the physical status (or not) of information.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

John Merryman replied on Mar. 2, 2011 @ 02:37 GMT

Edwin,

This brings to mind the title of Julian Barbour's essay, Bit from it. What is information derived from, if not interaction and motion? Spins, polarities, etc. Essentially I'm agreeing with your premise:

"analog computers are based on real elements, connected in such a way that their real physical behavior produces the desired output. In this sense a continuous real field, interacting with itself, is essentially an analog computer."

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 2, 2011 @ 03:58 GMT

John,

I'm glad that you agree that a real physical field can be viewed as an 'analog' computer that "computes" the behavior of the physical world. Many seem to think that some imaginary 'digital' computer (hardware plus program) that exists 'outside of our universe' (in another dimension?) is the source of the physics we observe. Yet if the analog field computes its own behavior, and that...

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Dear Dr. Edwin Eugene Klingman,

Thanks for your basically thought provoking essay.On the basis of the conception of your C-field,at the end of the essay you are saying that "A continuous universe evolves to discrete reality, where quantum conditions carve up the continuum, such that analog inputs occasion digital outputs or threshold crossings" and also that "physical reality depends on continuous fields".If analog is the basic concept out of which digitality arises then there must not be any difference between analog and digital nature of reality and that both are "one and the same".If so,where is the dispute between analog and digital nature of reality?But analog is analog and digital is digital and that is how they are viewed.

So I have a different solution to the problem;for this,please,go thro' my essay and your comments are welcomed.

Best regards and good luck in the competition.

Sreenath B N.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 1, 2011 @ 20:04 GMT

Dear Sreenath,

You say: "If analog is the basic concept out of which digitality arises then there must not be any difference between analog and digital nature of reality and that both are "one and the same".If so,where is the dispute between analog and digital nature of reality? But analog is analog and digital is digital and that is how they are viewed."

You are correct. In my theory I am assigning the term 'digital' to the particles, and yet, I show the particles to be simply a stable configuration of the C-field vortex after passing through a v=c threshold. From that perspective, all that exists is the analog field, in various states.

On the other hand, Planck's constant of action was required as the very first step in order to allow physical interpretation of the derived equations so the quantum nature of the gravity-based universe seems 'built-in' from the beginning. The twin 'thresholds' provided by Planck's constant and the speed of light impart a form of 'separation' that seems to go beyond mere continuity, and therefore adds 'digital' to the inherently analog universe.

Thank you for reading my essay and commenting. I plan to read your essay as well, and hope I can give you a meaningful comment.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Anonymous replied on Mar. 2, 2011 @ 10:25 GMT

Dear Dr.Edwin Eugene Klingman,

Thanks for your reply.In the third para of your reply you say that both analog and digital are present in the universe from the beginning;but you say ,in the same para,that the universe is inherently analog.Why this partiality when your own logic wont allow it?If both are present in the universe from the beginning then both are equally primary.To reconcile both,then you got to look for some other fundamental issue.This is what I have done in my essay.

Regards

Sreenath B N.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 2, 2011 @ 17:39 GMT

Dear Sreenath,

It is impossible to know exactly when Planck's constant and the speed of light 'appeared', since Planck's constant was not 'observable' until symmetry broke, and the speed of light is difficult to define in a scale invariant universe (ie, before symmetry broke). So if forced to choose, I would probably say that the universe was continuous at the big bang and quantum conditions appeared when symmetry broke. This agrees with my philosophical idea of reality, which is that the universe began as 'one' before realizing 'the many'.

I have not had the opportunity to read your essay yet but will look for this point you make.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin Klingman,

Welcome to essay contest. You wrote: ''What do minimal length, time, or energy imply? The Planck units of mass, length, and time yield an identity that implies our Quantum Principle'': (then you show the formula 6);

This formula 6 is a game of constants only that prove nothing! In the same way you can obtain any other numbers or constants by choosing the constants.

You wrote: "How is time affected by quantization? So a quantum gravitational gradient implies time dilation".

You forget about the length contraction. In the same way you can say that ''So a quantum gravitational gradient implies length contraction''. Thus, your answer is not complete.

You wrote: ''At root is the nature of particles and fields''. If you are looking for the nature of reality then you must say ''At root is the nature of spacetime, particles and fields. It is a fundamental error that you missed the nature of spacetime. You cannot know the nature of reality without spacetime.

You wrote: ''We need a final assumption: that the curvature of space is limited''. This statement is wrong, please read the Wikipedia Black Hole: At the center of a black hole a spacetime curvature becomes INFINITE. Therefore the next text in your essay based on limited curvature about electrons and quarks also is wrong.

I don't see any central idea in this essay. In general, this essay seems to be a collection of statements and affirmations without any logical connections between them. The most of the information was copied from the textbooks and papers and author's contribution is to comment only; I don't see the original research in the essay. The author's conclusion that the reality is analog, even ''with digital consequences'' is wrong; Conversely, Reality is fundamentally Quantum.

Sincerely

Constantin

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Dear Constantin Leshan,

You say, "This formula 6 is a game of constants only that prove nothing! In the same way you can obtain any other numbers or constants by choosing the constants."

I think that you have missed the point. I did not choose the 'constants', Nature chose the constants. I simply derived the relation from my Master equation and plugged in nature's constants to show...

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Hello Edwin,

I enjoyed your essay and give you high marks. What is interesting is in reviewing essays I have come to find reading the comments and dialogues associated with the essays is really where the fun is. You handle interactions very well and your personality comes through.

I am an artist, not a scientist, but I draw a lot of inspiration from scientific inquiry. I wonder if scientists will ever view each others works and theories in the same way artists view the work of another artist...ie not as right or wrong, but rather a different form or style of self expression.

I guess we will find out when the dust settles and there is a theory of everything. I sense that that day is sooner rather than later.

When that day comes will people say science is dead? Absolutly not. When that day comes science will be just beginning.

Anyway, well done. I wish you luck in your research.

Pete

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 4, 2011 @ 14:56 GMT

Dear Peter,

Thanks for the kind and interesting remarks. While physics differs from art in that there is (or appears to be) a 'right' and 'wrong', based on measurement data, I do not believe that this prevents scientists from appreciating each others 'style of self expression'. For example Feynman certainly had a unique style that is enjoyed entirely apart from the details of his theories.

I do agree that the comments are at least as enjoyable as the essays, and, as I remarked on your thread, I believe that you will find much in these fqxi essays and in the comments to inspire your own art.

And I hope that your speculation about the 'day being near' is correct.

So welcome to the contest, thanks for your remarks, and good luck in your art!

Edwin Eugene Klingman

The "Fly-by" mysteries:

There exist half a dozen or more instances, first noted in 1931 and as recent as 2010, where neither Newton's gravity nor Einstein's general relativity account for the observed accelerations, from NASA satellites, to planets, to stars, to galaxies. These are collectively known as the 'Fly-by' mysteries. These are addressed in my essay.

Elsewhere (Rafael's...

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Ray Munroe replied on Mar. 4, 2011 @ 16:42 GMT

Hi Ed,

I didn't intend for it to sound like a "drive by shooting". Rafael said "P.S. I wonder what the others might say about the above - especially Butler, Klingman, Petkov, Biermans and Benedict..." and I thought that my comment "fit" in the conversation.

Yes - Energy is proportinal to the square of the Amplitude.

Dirac wrote at least a couple of papers about his Large Number "Numerology" Cosmology. It has been a while since I read either, but I think that his argument has about as much basis as does Dark Energy. Dirac's first approach at a Cosmology based on his Large Number didn't exactly pan out, but Dirac didn't know that Einstein's "Cosmological Constant" was ~10^-123 which is the inverse cube of Dirac's Large Number ~10^41. I attribute this coincidence to the geometry of 3 spatial dimensions, rather than the square of an amplitude. Maybe my interpretation is wrong, maybe your interpretation is wrong, maybe the truth is a combination of effects that we have both modelled incorrectly. As you know, I have a completely different interpretation of "Dark Energy" with the Variable Coupling Theory in my book.

I am not opposed to a "C" field (I am convinced that other fields must exist, and that gravity must be more complex), but I suspect that it is very weak in this scale, and is therefore, most important at a larger scale. Unfortunately this implies a Multiverse, and I understand your objections against including God or a Multiverse in our Physics. If I am allowed to explain one point in terms of God or a Multiverse, then I can probably explain all points using similar arguments.

I don't claim to be a prophet who knows all of the answers, but I think that this part of our ideas is at conflict.

Have Fun!

Dr. Cosmic Ray

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 4, 2011 @ 17:15 GMT

Ray,

You say: "I attribute this coincidence to the geometry of 3 spatial dimensions, rather than the square of an amplitude."

I interpret this to mean "three degrees of freedom". For example Boltzmann's constant is multiplied by 3 for three degrees of freedom:

1/2 mv^2 = (3/2)kT

This is quite different from assuming that 3 spatial dimensions implies a cube root.

Is this what you're saying?

And Ray, the "drive by shooting" was tongue in cheek. I am not upset that you posted a remark where you considered it appropriate at the time, but I would like to have a 'heads up' so I can respond. I do think this 'Fly-by' physics is important validation as I derived the physics long before I had the measured values to compare to.

Of course either of our interpretations may be wrong.

Having fun!

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Ray Munroe replied on Mar. 4, 2011 @ 18:09 GMT

Hi Ed,

I think that three degrees of freedom gives us a factor of three, not the power of three that coincidentally distinguishes the inverse Cosmolgical Constant from Dirac's Large Number.

In my essay, I said that fine-tuning on the order of ~10^41 (or its inverse) is not mathematically probable or philosophically reasonable. I deduce that 10^41 must, therefore, be a number that is mandated by our scale.

What about 10^123 (and its inverse)? Is it the ultimate scale number for our scale, and 10^41 is its cube root? Or is 10^-123 "leakage" from a scale of greater complexergy than ours? [By the way, I did enjoy your reference to Nottale's scales.] If this number was different, say 10^-100, then I would be more willing to accept it as leakage from another scale.

If it has a bill, webbed feet, and quacks, then it might be a duck. The similarity between 10^-123 vs. (10^41)^-3 is too striking to ignore.

Have Fun!

Dr. Cosmic Ray

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Ray,

I must admit that I don't understand the relevance of what might be entirely accidental numerical relations.

For example, in attempting to calculate the strength of the C-field, I found it 10^31 stronger than Maxwell assumed (he did so for no good reason, just simple symmetry) and recently Tajmar has measured the C-field and found the same factor of 10^31 greater than expected.

Now these numbers are not "exact" but they are very close being the EXACT FOURTH ROOT of 10^123 , that is, (10^31)^4 = 10^124 [close enough for government work].

So it may or may not be legitimate to play the numbers game where there is not real physics to back it up, only theories of scale.

By the way, I owe the use of Nottale in my essay to you. Thanks.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dr. Cosmic Ray replied on Mar. 4, 2011 @ 21:05 GMT

HA! We might both be playing a little bit of numerology - perhaps time will tell if either of us guessed even closely...

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Eugene,

I have something for you at the scene of the crime. :)

I'd appreciate it if you'd take a look-see.

Rafael

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 5, 2011 @ 00:40 GMT

Dear Rafael,

Thanks for studying my essay sufficiently to ask such good questions. I'll attempt to answer them [both on your thread and here].

We seem to have no disagreements upon the relevance of 'local mass density', which, by the way, General Relativity cannot deal with.

You are correct that I begin with a single field. But my only assumption at the beginning is that...

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re castel replied on Mar. 5, 2011 @ 11:08 GMT

Eugene,

I may have a good answer if you take a look at it again at the scene.

Rafael

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Physical reality depends on continuous fields.

Informed reality depends upon the existence of thresholds, or universal constants.

Edwin,

Still trying to wrap my brain around the above.

Your distinctions appear to be "givens." My analogue argument seems judgmental in comparison.

Jim Hoover

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 6, 2011 @ 20:41 GMT

Jim,

Not quite sure what you mean. I begin with a conjecture that only one thing exists in the 'beginning' and that seems to imply a field (which is almost by definition analog.) The logical development of this conjecture leads to a 'threshold' or 'universal constant' and it is this that allows the separation of the universe into two categories, 'above' and 'below' the threshold, and this supports the evolution of 'form' inside the universe, which continues to 'in-form' reality until we reach the universe that you describe in your essay, a reality that "vibrates with life".

Thanks for reading and commenting.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

All fqxi participants,

As many of you have indicated, big change is potentially coming, and many essays are focused on new approaches to physics. My GEM theory has for five years predicted no Higgs and no SUSY (Super-Symmetry) and no other particles.

The response from many has been "There has to be SUSY!"

But this week's Nature (3 Mar 2011) claims that, over a year of searching at LHC has failed to find any evidence of super-particles (or the Higgs), and if SUSY is not found by the end of the year, the theory is in serious trouble (although some say already that 'SUSY is dead'.)

The Nature article states that "SUSY's utility and mathematical grace have instilled a "religious devotion" among its followers" some of whom have been working on the theory for thirty years.

The key statement in the article is this:

"This is a big political issue in our field. For some great physicists, it is the difference between getting a Nobel prize and admitting they spent their lives on the wrong track."

That says it all.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Anonymous replied on Mar. 8, 2011 @ 15:11 GMT

Edwin,

Perhaps the failure to observe proton decay also means that the standard model is dead? The failure to observe gravity waves means that general relativity is dead?

Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.

Positive predictions (e.g., constant speed of light; identical rates of acceleration for objects in a gravity field) within the classical domain have the advantage over negative predictions (no Higgs, no supersymmetry) in the microscopic domain, because we obviously (thank heaven!) live in a low energy world. Don't you have the same difficulty positively predicting the C field?

You know, though, after seeing you and Ray talk about 4th roots, I was reminded of something I wrote for ICCS 2006 about projective geometry, almost as an afterthought. Having derived a specific number to represent least action over the least (i.e. 4 D)hyperspace, I found that the 4th root (1.41489 ...) is only a tad off the square root of 2 (correspondent to Pythagoras's theorem). I concluded "As a first order estimate of the length of hyperspatially projected points to Euclidean space, the value suggests a future algebraic ability to predict the differentiated origin of events in hyperspace that by present methods (tensor calculus, e.g.) are considered undifferentiable from any arbitrarily chosen point of 4-dimensional space-time. (Our technique gives time an independent physical role.)"

The point is that your "numerology" agrees with my numerology. It has to, because we are describing the same 4 dimensional spacetime in two different ways. You speak of field strength measure in a continuous model; I speak of projective measure in a discrete model. The identity between our calculations of roots points to a way in which to constrain the field boundaries -- not to the locally real model that you want, but to a nonlocally real model that quantum mechanics demands (such as that described by Ken Wharton in the essay contest). The Riemannian geometry that supports a four dimensional Pythagorean theorem gives something to us both: a continuous field varying in strength and consistent with general relativity, as well as hyperspatially projected points by which to fix boundary conditions.

Tom

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 8, 2011 @ 17:01 GMT

Tom,

If you mean the Standard Model and GR as 'final theories', I agree that they are both dead. But of course, like classical physics, they still have applicability in their appropriate realms. (At least GR does.)

And obviously positive predictions beat negative predictions. But if your prediction is 'no new particles' that's a problem. Yet, since there are almost a dozen new particles predicted, there should be some 'cumulative credit' for being correct on all of them. I "predicted" the C-field for a year before I found out that Tajmar had measured the field and Maxwell had conjectured it and Einstein's GR produced it in the weak field approximation. At about the time I realized that the C-field implies a perfect fluid, the RHIC found it, so my 'prediction' became a 'retrodiction' (or 'explanation'). I predicted the C-field as the explanation of the Fly-by mysteries, but I may not have been first to do so.

I should have predicted the 4% QED discrepancy for muonic hydrogen, but simply didn't think about it, although it's obvious as soon as it was announced. I do have several minor predictions for particle physics that are yet untested, but getting them noticed and tested is not easy for an outsider.

I'm not really into 'numerology' and I was just pointing out to Ray that, if one attaches significance to such, I could derive a 'significant' result different from his, but I do appreciate your last paragraph. You and I completely disagree on physical reality, but we do accept the same mathematics. It's only when one attempts to force mathematical interpretations on physical reality that we part ways.

I'm happy with your last sentence, and it's good to end with an agreement. Thanks for your comment.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

T H Ray replied on Mar. 8, 2011 @ 17:40 GMT

Edwin,

I think we two are inverse, rather than orthogonal.

You want a final theory, and I don't think there is such a thing. You want physical intuition, and I don't think there is such a thing.

What we do have in common is a calculational strategy that might constrain boundary conditions for a field continuum and allow an other-than-arbitrary choice of boundaries. That gets to Einstein's essential question (and I mean this as a metaphor, just as Einstein meant it)of whether God had a choice in creating the world as it is. If we have to specify boundary conditions to get continuous functions, was nature also so constrained?

Tom

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I like your way of thinking about mass length and time. However my views are not having all the left movers in one reality of our local. I formulate time as the most fundamental scalar, a quality space scalar, whereas matter a vector, and length more like a Dirichlet characterization, a tensor, a probability length as a potential across an arbitrary three dimensional volume. As a computer model for population synthesis one would need to make these progressive rather than static constants that are interchangeable? The "analogue in" is always a permanence and the "digital out" is always a variance in mathematical terms, and so from what I have picked up so far there will always be this difference. Call it a difference in sign or whatever. Abstractly, I find that distance is 1.5 times that of mass, and time just half of that. What it takes to produce and instant, a field, a particle, a length, are all different to me, but somehow I do not feel hopelessly lost in this point of view. I believe in the C-field but may have a different feel for it. Could it be that a neutron star at close range after a supernova gave us all of our left mover local reality?

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 9, 2011 @ 07:09 GMT

Dear Michael Jeub,

Thanks, a lot. I'm glad you like my way of thinking. I like your way of writing. I had quickly scanned your paper and dismissed it but your comment caused me to go back and study your little gem, and it is most enjoyable. I generally agree with Georgina, but you serve as a Rorschach test, and obviously touched some deep insecurity in some anonymous reader. I hope that Armin is mistaken and this was not a 'paper generator'. I find it hard to believe that a generator could come up with M-theory 'keeps governments truthful'.

Anyway, thanks for reading my paper and thanks for writing yours.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin

Having just recovered from recent cataract surgery - a comment on my age - I have re-read your paper further encouraged to do so by this remark by Peter Jackson (thank you Peter) "There are a number of consistent essays looking very strong and 'real', currently led by Edwin, which you seem to also be very close to"

I enjoyed yet again your suggestions for physics based on local causality in a magneto-gravitational theory (did I get that right?). You described your ideas by equations beautifully coupled to figures or verbal explanations that helped clarify them. This is great. While not pretending to have your grasp of particle physics and many other topics, I think you will be interested in my approach to a TOE. I have tried to show in my in my earlier 2005 Beautiful Universe paper on which my present fqxi paper is based that a universal ether made up of spinning dielectric nodes can be the basis for reconstructing physics practically from scratch.

One item I disagree with you about is Bell's Theorem. In my theory I flatly reject probability as a real property of particles and explain my reasons for this belief. The two photons or electrons therefore are identical in all respects except direction of propagation, and subsequent effects in EQR or Bell's Theorem are the result of random measurement in the sensing devices. I would appreciate your reading my papers and very interested in what you may make of them.

One equation in your paper refers to the partial differential of ro (density?). Would that be equivelant to the density gradient (index of refraction changes due to differing node rotation rates) that I attribute GR effects to?

With best wishes Vladimir

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 9, 2011 @ 19:14 GMT

Dear Vladimir,

Thank you for re-reading my essay. I have just done the same to yours. Your figures and your ideas are beautiful. We agree on some points, such as local realism, and I think we view particles in much the same manner. We also take seriously "Roger Penrose' call to 'start all over'." And we agree, I think, on the need for an 'ether' equivalent. And I think we also agree on Bell's Theorem: I too reject "probability as a real property of particles".

We are somewhat complementary in our approaches. If I interpret you correctly, you begin with electro-magnetics and 'derive' gravity therefrom. I begin with only a gravitational field and 'condense' locally real particles, including charged particles, which leads to electro-magnetics. Also, although our particles seem related, you place them on a lattice, whereas mine are embedded in a field. Thus there is overlap between our theories, but also points of divergence.

You ask about one equation that "refers to the partial differential of ro (density?). Would that be equivalent to the density gradient (index of refraction changes due to differing node rotation rates) that I attribute GR effects to?"

I believe the equation is "partial with respect to 'local volume' relating to another partial with respect to distance, a mass density gradient, which may somewhat relate to GR (GR can't deal with local mass density), and may relate to change in index of refraction.

Finally, a remark on your association with Buckminster Fuller. As a teenager growing up in a backwater, all of the 'old people' I knew were 'simple' in that they never said anything that I had not either heard before or thought of before. I concluded that mind, like muscles, degrades with age. One day I saw Buckminster Fuller (age 76) on TV who said a number of things that I had never thought of, and realized that one does not have to become simple and predictable with age.

Keep thinking new thoughts, in honor of Bucky.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

I've been reading the last few pages of comment discussion and was pleasantly surprised to read this: We also take seriously "Roger Penrose' call to 'start all over'." I have long held this view which has been highlighted by the prominent author and mathematical physicist. On day-by-day thinking about the novel idea of a mechanical Archimedes screw in empty space representing the force of gravity by gravitons, I have deduced an explanation for the galaxy rotation curve anomaly.

The helical screw model gives matter a new fundamental shape and dynamics which the standard model lacks imo. This non-spherical emission of gravitons is in stark contrast to the Newtonian/Einsteinian acceptance that "all things exert a gravitatinal field equally in all directions". This asymmetry of the gravitational field allows for the stars to experience a greater pull towards the galactic plane, due to their rotation giving more order to the inner fluid matter of the stellar core. Both the structure of the emitter and the absorber of the gravity particles is important. It also has implications for hidden matter at the centre of the galaxies..

I've given the idea some more thought and come to the conclusion that the stars furthest from the galactic centre must have a more 'bipolar nature' than the matter of stars of the inner halo presumably. This is the reason they have wandered towards the galactic plane whilst the halo stars have not. The outer stars' configuration means they experience a greater interaction with the flux pattern of the graviton field. Are the stars of the outer arms simply spinning faster?? We are on the outer edge of a spiral arm and so this would fit with this hypothesis. Our sun could have spin which is higher that that of the average halo star. This relationship between spin and distance from the galactic centre is a fundamental feature which ties in with the suggested mechanism of their creation.

All that is needed is an additional factor of stellar spin speed as well as it's mass and distance from the galactic centre. The relationship should then give calculated values which match those of the observed.

Best wishes,

Alan Lowey

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 10, 2011 @ 18:47 GMT

Alan,

I'm glad that you agree with Penrose, and those who feel that a fresh start is needed.

If you have a chance to review my essay, you'll find that on page 8 I deal with the problem you discuss and show that the recently reported numbers for these and other 'Fly-by' phenomena match my calculated values based on the gravito-magnetic C-field.

I am impressed by how many various ideas are surfacing in this essay contest, and hope that some of them actually survive and spread into the 'outside world'.

Thanks for the comment and for participating in fqxi. And thanks for the link to the plot of the galaxy rotation curve anomaly. I had not seen that particular data. It's a nice representation.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Alan Lowey replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 10:02 GMT

Edwin,

I've looked back at your essay and see that on page 8 you address the pioneer anomaly as well as fly-by anomlies. I was unable to follow the mathematical details of the rest of the page unfortunately but was pleased that you were concerned with these issues. Interestingly enough, I emailed Slava Turyshev of JPL NASA and was surprised when he replied with an interest in my 'change of gravity field with inclination' idea. This was around a year or more ago incidentally. You're probably too innundated with other people to take this abstract idea to it's full conclusion but thanks for the consideration.

All the best,

Alan

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This is my attitude to supersymmetry

http://vixra.org/abs/0907.0022

This is my Essay

http://www.fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/946

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 10, 2011 @ 20:20 GMT

Yuri,

Thanks for the comment. I had already looked at your viXra paper which contains several interesting quotes. And while we may disagree on gravity, we probably agree on gravitons.

In that paper you say that "Supersymmetry does not exist in nature."

On another thread TH Ray speaks of "a clear explanation of why super-symmetry plays such an important role in modern physical theory."

But why does supersymmetry play such an important role in modern physics?

Since super-partners have not been observed at the same masses as the Standard Model particles, we know that supersymmetry cannot be an 'exact' symmetry.

When I first tried to understand why SUSY was deemed so important, it seemed that it simply made it easier to cancel undesirable artifacts. And then I found that Schwarz and Seiberg (in the 1999 Review of Modern Physics) state: "Boson-fermion cancellation is at the heart of the applications of supersymmetry", which seems to confirm my interpretation.

Even this is threatened by the fact that LHC has found NO evidence of SUSY. And the important thing is that, even if they do find it in the future, it will imply masses so large that SUSY "will no longer perfectly cancel out the troublesome quantum fluctuations that SUSY was meant to correct." [3 Mar 2011 Nature Vol 471]

So at what point does one admit that SUSY was a 'patch' or 'fix' to a problem (or problems) and that the 'fix' isn't there? And that it is a sign of much deeper problems with current theory.

This is why Nature says: "This is a big political issue in our field. For some great physicists, it is the difference between getting a Nobel prize and admitting they spent their lives on the wrong track."

Yuri, thanks for the viXra reference. It's looking like your view of SUSY is correct.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Ray Munroe replied on Mar. 10, 2011 @ 23:01 GMT

Hi Ed,

Within your own model, you have 4 fundamental particles (times 3 generations) and 4 fundamental fields (times 3 spatial dimensions?). How can you unify these distinctly different kinds of phenomena (particles behave discretely, fields are continuously differentiable) within the same framework?

I have suggested that particles and fields may be reciprocally-related lattices and...

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 01:20 GMT

Ray,

That's a lot to respond to, but here goes.

We probably can't get too far on your first question of "How can you unify these distinctly different kinds of phenomena (particles behave discretely, fields are continuously differentiable) within the same framework?" The answer has to do with the Calabi-Yau manifold nature of the particle 'condensation', which I am in process of...

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T H Ray replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 12:20 GMT

Edwin,

Supersymmetry was never a "patch" or a fix." A prediction, not an assumption.

Tom

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Ray Munroe replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 13:27 GMT

Hi Ed,

Obviously we could disagree for the rest of the essay contest period, and I don't see the point.

IMHO, SUSY is a more perfect symmetry than the SM, and you haven't fully descrbed your symmetry (I'm only guessing that it is an H4xH4*). To Tom's point, SUSY is predicted by String Theory and fixes a significant problem in the SM (the Hierarchy problem) - but the prediction supercedes the "fudge" (the theory is more fundamental than the apparent "epicycle").

I know that your theory is different from the SM, and your origin of mass is different, so your ideas might not be plagued with the identical problems that plague the SM. How do you explain the origin of mass? How do you explain the radiative stability of the Weak Scale (W and Z masses)?

If my multiple scales exist, then SUSY may not be Weak-scale, and may be harder to pin down. The people who oppose SUSY either think that the SM is perfect without it (bad assumption) or have other odd-ball ideas that may or may not work out, and certainly aren't any more beautiful than SUSY. Occam's Razor is a balance between Simplicity (I often equate Simplicity and Beauty) and Necessity (a theory needs to explain as many details as possible - does your theory explain Weak-scale stability or is that another epicycle?).

Have Fun!

Dr. Cosmic Ray

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 20:43 GMT

Ray,

I agree about disagreeing. I think this last round started with the Nature article that says SUSY doesn't appear to be there, which was 'new'. You keep trying to fit my theory into your framework, and it simply does not fit. I don't think in terms of symmetry, as I've explained elsewhere. The H4xH4* was your suggestion, and I'm just going along with it. In my view symmetry was the best tool for interpreting scattering data, and is useful in molecular and condensed matter physics, but is emergent, not causal.

Whatever the genesis of SUSY, it doesn't appear to be there or to solve the problem it was believed to solve. That's just an apparent fact. Denial won't make it go away. And I am not a member of the religion of strings, as I've explained several times how these arose as a misinterpretation of C-field-based proton-proton scattering data.

I've answered the questions in your third paragraph elsewhere on these threads several times and it's in my 'Chromodynamics War' book that you have.

I have been thinking about your 'scales', and I'd like to 'walk back' one of my comments. I said above that "I don't believe we have multiple scales,..." but I'm not sure that is true. I don't know enough about your scales (yes, I've read your paper on them) but I have recently seen an aspect of the C-field that may best be described as 'scales'. I'm putting more thought into this, because I don't know how to represent it mathematically, or describe it well verbally, although I can depict it graphically (it's topological in nature). So maybe you're right on the existence of two scales, (although I draw the line at the Multi-verse).

Looks like we're moving into the final phase. It's been stimulating, and I've enjoyed our back-and-forth.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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Dear Edwin,

As a supporter of the results in my essay I want you to be among the first to know! Using the same ideas in my essay I am now able to mathematically prove the following proposition. I will be posting this result as soon as I have a clean write-up of it.

IF THE SPEED OF LIGHT IS CONSTANT, THEN LIGHT IS A WAVE.

All the best, and thanks again for your support! It doesn't look, however, that my essay will make it to the final group. Right now it's ranked 37th. That's too bad, as I was hoping to get these results reviewed by the 'panel of experts'. The only motivation for entering the contest!

Constantinos

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 20:06 GMT

Constantinos,

Thanks for your support also, and I look forward to reading your new work.

When I looked, it appears that you are now close to thirty, so I hope you get these results reviewed as you wish. Things are still fluid, so you can move up or down.

Good luck,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Constantinos Ragazas replied on Mar. 12, 2011 @ 05:01 GMT

Dear Edwin,

As promised:

”What is the Matter with de Broglie Waves?”

and,

“If the speed of light is constant, then light is a wave”

These are very short! I could have combined them into one. But I wanted both titles!

Best wishes,

Constantinos

P.S. It now seems that I will not get these results reviewed by the panel after all. I am ranked 38 and likely not to do any better in the next 4 days. Too bad! But the struggle continues. I appreciate all your support in this effort.

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Edwin,

Note: I have posted this comment as a response to your generous comments on my essay [#902], but since my comment has as much or more to do with the topic of your essay, I am re-posting it here as well. Your readers may find my essat at http://fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/902

I re-read your essay with mounting interest and frustration with my limited fluency in math. I...

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 19:58 GMT

John,

Thanks for the extensive response.

I replied on your thread. I regret the math frustration you experienced, but the book "Atheist and God Particle" focuses on your interests and is non-mathematical.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

To FQXi community,

This paper is hopelessly flawed. How is it this paper is so far at the top, even holding first place sometimes?

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 22:07 GMT

'E's not dead, 'E's just sleeping.

And who expects parrots, dead or not, to understand physics. Physics is about strings and extra dimensions, exotic symmetries, multi-verses, and many worlds, and Higgs and SUSY and axions, dilatons, gravitons, anyons, inflatons, etc etc, and about the computers-in-the-sky (or another dimension), about 'holography' and 'information' that produces physical reality and about non-local, non-real non-sense, none of which has ever been seen (most of which is not even seeable) and none of which fits together, even mathematically. So yes, by all means judge this paper to be flawed, in light of the wonderful alternative theories that exist in today's establishment physics.

Peter Jackson replied on Mar. 14, 2011 @ 10:15 GMT

Dear Dead Parrot.

Our time with you was fun, and you may be just resting, but Rest in Peace - as the graveyards of history are full of indispensable physics. The overgrowth is now being cleared as it seems at last more space will be needed.

Dear Edwin

Although we are very close on the rankings I confirm I have scored you the ten your essay richly deserves. If you could have extra points for bravery you'd have those too.

Best of luck.

Peter

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Anonymous replied on Mar. 15, 2011 @ 02:21 GMT

dead parrot wrote on Mar. 11, 2011 @ 21:37 GMT

"To FQXi community,

This paper is hopelessly flawed. How is it this paper is so far at the top, even holding first place sometimes?"

---------------------------------------

How? Just check the above two respondents' very powerful PR campaigns conducted on the many many different (present) essay's pages and you will understand why.

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show all replies (1 not shown)

Edwin:

Thanks for the comment on my essay.

I read you essay early when you sent it, while I was writing my essay. I was dealing with expressing my idea that when we classify things they become digital. (digital is something that can be expressed with digits) Your essay title and first diagram were very enlightening. So when I first rated some essays, I thought yours was one that deserved consideration (and a lot of points):

So, in that sence you already got all I can give:

"You rated this essay on Mar 11, 2011. If you have any questions, please contact FQXi. "

My position about the essay question: is reality digital or analog? Can be summarized this way:

Reality is what we perceive of the universe, and universe is what it is. When we understand things they become digital. As you say "analog in - digital out".

The rest of my essay is pure speculation.

In this essay contest I have read several positions on which is the basic component of universe.

You say it is a field. Others identify it with space-time. Others identify it as a stochastic process, etcetera. Well, I say it's a particle.

My background forces me to be near to algorithms and computation complexity. I still do some programing in java(image processing) and most of the work on my essay and this comment were done on my iPhone at night, while my wife is sleeping. So this little touch keyboard makes me condense my thought in to little writing.

Have fun

Juan

(to everyone: the offer is still in place)

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Juan,

Thanks for your gracious remarks and for the early vote.

And thanks for considering that the universe, if it computes anything, may be an analog computer, based on connectivity rather than 'stored program code'.

As you point out, there's no shortage of ideas as to what is the basic component of the universe.

I also recall that your previous essay was concerned with consciousness, and was written with a light style and some humor. My essay in that contest was also on consciousness.

So thanks again Juan, for the vote, the comment, and your participation in fqxi.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin,

You don't need my rating but you have it.

Regards,

Jim

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 13, 2011 @ 00:58 GMT

Thank you Jim. It's appreciated.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

First of all, thanks a lot for taking the time to read my essay and your gentle comments.

I printed out your essay already 3 weeks ago, started to read and stopped because I thought it was too difficult for a non physicist to understand, however I became intrigued by the posts you sent to other participants , I like to read an essay a day (keeps the doctors away) and in all the comments you gave I got a fair idea of what you stand for, and that intrigued me even more, after your discussion with Peter Jackson and his Local C (velocity) I became aware that behind all those formula's you propose a whole new way of thinking that perhaps can take away a lot of fuzziness, weirness, spooky things etc. Peter is also on that way,, through him I understood only now why two photons approaching each otherdo not exeed c.

So what I did this sundaymoring is taking up again your essay and now I read it two times, second time everything became clear, only one thing I want to ask you :

I think you apply Calabi : "curvature makes matter without gravity possible", if you apply that to your C-Field, you can indeed easily let "condense" particles. That curvature is limited is logically nececerry I think, untill now okay, but on page 6 you mention that the electron and the photon each have a pilot wave, this I do not quite understand is this pilot wave a residue of the condensate of the C-field, is it a special effect of the C-field when there is condensated a particle or a photon, or is has this pilot wave his origin in the particle/photon ?

On the article Choas Consciousness and the Cosmos, I reacted (11 march) to the post of Carmen Putrino, as a reaction on PEAR research from the Princeton University, in this post I mentioned your C-Field,(which also can mean Consciousness Field) and named it without your consent (sorry for that) the KLINGMAN-FIELD, I hope you can forgive me.

I am starting to print now your Fundamental Physics of Consciousness, sure that I will encounter there a lot points of interest.

best regards

Wilhelmus

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 13, 2011 @ 20:26 GMT

Dear Wilhelmus,

I am glad that I read your essay, because I'm always happy to find another who believes that physics must, in the end, take consciousness into consideration. And also that my comment caused you to re-attempt my essay. Thank you for doing so, and for your comment here.

The key, as you stated, is to read it at least twice. That is simply how complicated things must be handled, by you or me or anyone. I did not understand Peter's paper until the second time through. And I was also influenced by others comments as well. Unfortunately we have the time to read only a small percentage of papers twice, so that calls for judgment. Thank you for re-reading mine.

You have made the critical connection to Calabi, and your follow-on question is excellent. "I do not quite understand is this pilot wave a residue of the condensate of the C-field, is it a special effect of the C-field when there is condensated a particle or a photon, or is has this pilot wave his origin in the particle/photon?"

The initial condensation process is that of a vortex in a very strong C-field (at the big bang, or in the LHC collider, etc) and the particles represent a limiting case topological change (of the vortex wall) to a very stable configuration. The particle then has 'lumped' or 'locally concentrated' mass, as opposed to the 'distributed' mass associated with the C-field energy through E=mc^2. But, according to the equations, moving mass (momentum) induces a new, local C-field circulating around the momentum vector (denoted 'p') in the same fashion that electro-magnetic field circulation is induced by moving electric charge (current). It is this 'induced C-field circulation' (that always accompanies momentum) that plays the part of the pilot wave for the particle or the photon, because the particle and photon both have momentum. So it is not a residue of the condensate, but has its origin in the particle/photon.

As I said, excellent question. If my answer is not clear, ask again and I'll try again.

As for the name of the field, better you than me!

I hope you enjoy the Consciousness essay, and look forward to any questions or comments you might have. Thanks for participating in fqxi

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin,

It had taken a bit of time for me to grasp your essay, and, I now believe I can give an opinion. First and foremost, your comment outlined below is being “thought” restrictive. You are confining your thoughts to lie in a "box," a box that will be defined below.

You state:

“Laws of Physics: Physics should never accept anything “outside time and space”, such...

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 14, 2011 @ 21:03 GMT

Dear Anthony DiCarlo,

Thank you for putting in the effort to grasp my essay, and then giving me your opinion.

Your first problem seems to be with my 'starting rules', which are: 'don't go outside of reality' for your building blocks and/or concepts, specifically God, a mathematical (Platonic) universe, 'laws' of physics, or more than four dimensions. Had I known the trend that has...

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Edwin

Have you read Dr Lucian Ionescu's essay. I believe you need to. It seems to provide the precise and brilliant mathematical and logical reasoning for what my DFM concept facilitates and your C field mechanism constructs.

Peter

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Edwin,

I read you essay and it is by far the strongest statement that expresses a shared concern: the sensible explanation for existence requires a simple observation that is in turn the foundation for a simple model. Yours is elegant and requires one simple assumption. But I think the assumption should be slightly modified. A primordial field has never initially existed. Its initial state was as an object that could exist but did not exist. Actual existence required some interaction with something to evolve it from zero to one. Meaningfulness is derived from understanding how the primordial field was first created as an object that could exist but did not exist and then how it actually evolved into existence. This modification pushes your assumed initial state back to nothingness. Everything has evolved from nothingness.

Constantinos Ragazas in "A World Without Quanta" refers to nothingness as a property less ether that fills space. My point of view would modify this statement to an ether that has one property: the potential for existence.

Your essay stands on its own as a significant view of existence. I hope it is regarded with serious merit by the judges.

Irvon

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 14, 2011 @ 21:30 GMT

Dear Irvon,

Thank you for your comment and good wishes.

I found very interesting your use of zero and one to signify 'coming into existence'.

You say above, "Actual existence required some interaction with something to evolve it from zero to one. Meaningfulness is derived from understanding how the primordial field was first created as an object that could exist but did not exist and then how it actually evolved into existence. This modification pushes your assumed initial state back to nothingness. Everything has evolved from nothingness."

Obviously, this is the key unanswered question of existence. It is a meta-physical more than physical issue, but that should not stop us from attempting to extend our ideas from physical reality back to 'pre-physical reality' and you do so in what seems an original manner. Where we touch, my essay begins with the initial 'zero' becoming 'one' AND ONLY ONE! And from this potential evolved the world we live in today.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Professor Klingman- I read your essay, THE ANALOG IN, DIGITAL OUT UNIVERSE. I must say, you have a complete mastery of your subject and you are completely fluent with the matrix algebras. My intution tells me that if you looked at my entry: IS REALITY DIGITAL OR ANALOG? You probably came away with the idea that my 'style' of mathematics is outside of the mainstream. In remedy, I'm going to send you a copy of one of my longer papers: NEOPLASIA MATHEMATICS. Hopefully, this will lead you to conclude that my methods are spot on in application to the knotty problem of cell duplication rates. Good luck in the contest.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 14, 2011 @ 21:13 GMT

Dear Joel H Mayer, MD,

Thank you for your comment. But you have misjudged my appreciation of your essay. If you review your thread you will find that on March 9th I left the following comment on your thread:

Dear Joel H Mayer,

I very much enjoyed your essay, and was impressed by your use of the fqxi questions I-VIII as an organizing framework. All of your points are interesting and very well presented (except for the annoying tendency to replace a comma with a period, prematurely ending the sentence.)

You chose a unique but very relevant example to make a number of points, several of which I learned from. You deserve a much higher ranking.

By the way, I was happy at the end to see that you really do honor Maxwell appropriately. He was a giant, but you do well to remind us that nobody's perfect.

Thanks for a wonderful, enlightening essay.

[Today's note: I did rank you highly and have recommended your essay to several other people. I think it is one of the better essays submitted.]

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin

I just posted an excellent quantum computing analogue to my approach on my string, which I believe remains consistent with your field aspect, from Ionescue's paper, which has gone largely unnoticed as it's so "Dense" Christi called it, but it isn't too long.

It follows the DFM conceptual logic, and, with the other views here possibly completes the first approximation of the full paradigm shift mechanism!.

Peter

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To all,

Good news on the C-field front!

The 12 Mar 2011 issue of 'Science News' has two articles on the C-field:

The first (p.14) states that the C-field generated by a spinning Black Hole imparts (detectable) angular momentum to light passing through the field, circularly polarizing the light. Martin Bojowald suggests upgrading most telescopes to search for more of this.

The second article (p.20) on quantum vortices has Kerson Huang of MIT speculating that the vortices in the (C-field) 'superfluid' after the big bang may be responsible for the gaps of empty space between galaxies.

From 'Fly-by' mysteries to spinning Black Holes to the Big Bang, the C-field is being recognized as having physical reality responsibnle for observable effects.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin,

Thanks very much for your support and congrats on your extremely high rank! I have really enjoyed reading your essay and the interesting discussions on your thread. A further discussion on the core of the neutron being negative is just one of many that we could have in the coming weeks.

Good luck with phase two.

Chris

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To all fqxi'ers,

Thank you for your support that led to a theory of local realism placing high in the community ratings. I've enjoyed reading your essays and discussing various points with many of you.

And thank you fqxi for providing these worthwhile events.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Edwin,

Congratulations. Good luck in the finals.

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Congratulations Edwin! Well deserved!

Now that this time consuming phase of the contest is over, and if you are so inclined, I'd like your reflections on my two most recent posts:

”What is the Matter with de Broglie Waves?”

and,

“If the speed of light is constant, then light is a wave”

Both of these are very short and easy read. It will take you no more than a minutes each to read, but much longer I hope to reflect!

In the first post I derive the de Broglie equations and give these a more sensible and totally consistent meaning as all my previous papers. I also derive the exponential of energy that I have used to obtain Planck's Law in my essay. In the second short post I show that the CSL hypothesis of SR contradicts the Photon Hypothesis. I again used the 'prime physis quantity eta' as a starting point.

Is it true that the top three community rated essays get published in Scientific America? That is great! No matter what happens with the panel vote. Good luck!

Constantinos

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Dear Edwin

Not bad isn't it, congratulations,5I dont understand why the community gave such low ratings, was the top a 6 then everything is okay).

I reread your essay "Fundamental Physics of Consciuosness" and I am still digesting it, the thought is wholy new to me, I am aware of your formulation of consciousness and free will, so alltogether I have to accept a

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 18, 2011 @ 02:04 GMT

John Merryman,

Thanks a lot and thanks for your discussions.

Constantinos Ragazas,

I've read both of those and will reflect on both.

Wilhemus de Wilde,

I think essays receive high awards if approved of, but I suspect some also receive low awards if the reader thinks the approach is mistaken. Since my essay is based on local realism, and that is currently out of favor, I probably got a number of low ratings for this reason. And, people being people, at the end there may well be 'strategic voting' to move individuals up or down. If the scores reflect these and other motivations, they may be understandable.

I'm pleased that you found both of my essays worth re-reading.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

Sorry to have not commented on your essay before, but I am so busy with my research and the current research grant. Even if my viewpoint is different from yours and closer than the one of Jason Wolfe, I agree totally with your sentence “Thus analog or digital reality questions can’t be answered mathematically—the answer must be found in a physical universe.” Do you know the book of the mathematician Peter Woit “Not Even Wrong: The Failure of String Theory and the Search for Unity in Physical Law” about the current relation between Mathematics and Physics. I work with mathematicians and nuclear physicists but I see that it is very difficult to exchange with theoretical physicists. I think that theoretical physics is in crisis and is very nervous due to the current problems of masses with the Higgs boson, dilation with the dilatons, gravitons and superparticles needed for quantum gravity and the unknown dark matter and dark energy. As you, I think that we need a new radical approach. But I think like Jason that the solution is in the subtle relation between matter and light. Good luck for the end of the contest.

Best,

Emmanuel

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 18, 2011 @ 01:54 GMT

Dear Emmanuel Moulay,

Thanks for the comment. Yes, I've read Woit's work, and also Smolin's "The Trouble with Physics". I do agree with you that physics is in crisis, for reasons that I've laid out in these comments.

This competition, and several of the essays here, have caused me to pay more attention to the interaction of the C-field with photons, and I have been pleasantly surprised by the relations that I am discovering.

There were so many new and original ideas and new insights into current physics, that everyone who seriously attempted to study these essays and comments should have benefited significantly. I know I did.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

Congratulations on your dedication to the competition and your much deserved high placing. You seem to be inexhaustable so I have a bugging question for you, which I've also posed to Daniele btw:

Q: Coulomb's Law of electrostatics was modelled by Maxwell by mechanical means after his mathematical deductions as an added verification (thanks for that bit of info Edwin), which I highly admire. To me, this gives his equation some substance. I have a problem with the laws of gravity though, especially the mathematical representation that "every object attracts every other object equally in all directions." The 'fabric' of spacetime model of gravity doesn't lend itself to explain the law of electrostatics. Coulomb's law denotes two types of matter, one 'charged' positive and the opposite type 'charged' negative. An Archimedes screw model for the graviton can explain -both- the gravity law and the electrostatic law, whilst the 'fabric' of spacetime can't. Doesn't this by definition make the helical screw model better than than anything else that has been suggested for the mechanism of the gravity force?? Otherwise the unification of all the forces is an impossiblity imo. Do you have an opinion on my analysis at all?

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 18, 2011 @ 17:26 GMT

Alan,

Maxwell took Faraday's idea of fields and made it rigorous, and added the concept that fields have energy. But the community had a more mechanical understanding, so he tried to build a mechanical picture of fields to ease their transition to the new ideas.

I don't know whether you are attempting a 'mechanical analogy' or whether you propose a 'mechanical reality'. A mechanical analogy is interesting, whereas mechanical reality (Archimedes screw as graviton) is highly unlikely. If you believe this should be pursued, you should start working simple problems (like the Earth-Moon system) and showing how you get correct answers, then work harder problems (like the ocean's tides), etc. This is the way to convince physicists to pay more attention.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Alan Lowey replied on Mar. 19, 2011 @ 10:50 GMT

Edwin,

thanks for the added clarification. I'm certainly proposing a mechanical reality and not just an analogy. Interestingly I have solved, in principle, a solution to the Earth-Moon system which includes a non-uniform gravity field, with the gravity field increasing towards the plane of rotation of the Earth and also of the Sun. It's a perfect fit when this 'inclination model' is used in combination with these two papers Spectrum of 100-kyr glacial cycle: Orbital inclination, not eccentricity and The 1,800-year oceanic tidal cycle: A possible cause of rapid climate change. The adjustment will bring the lunar cycle of maximum tide raising forces to the infamous 1,470 year cycle seen in physical data Timing of abrupt climate change: A precise clock. It's a shame we don't see eye-to-eye on this one. Nevermind.

Best wishes,

Alan

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Dear Edwin,

You say "Now Maxwell, noticing that Newton's equation and Coulomb's equation had identical form, if we replace G by E and mass by charge, postulated that one could perfom this replacement in ALL of Maxwell's field equations". I agree that the Newton's equation and the Maxwell's equation are similar. But in the 20th century, gravitation and electromagnetism followed two different ways: gravitation led to the General Relativity which is a continuous nonrenormalizable theory, whereas electromagnetism led to the QED which a discrete renormalizable theory. Do you think that the C-field can reconcile these two different theories? To my mind, I think that the link is the photon, as particle it leads to the QED and as wave I think that it leads to the notion of space and time when interacting with matter. But it is possible that there is a relation between photons and your C-field...

Best,

Emmanuel

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 18, 2011 @ 17:49 GMT

Emmanuel,

General Relativity and QED both have limited domains of application. Relativity does not handle mass density, nor is is useful for molecular physics, while QED is of little use in the analysis of Black Holes. I believe Doug Sweetser's diagram (in my essay) shows the basic connection between these two approaches. His mathematics attempts to combine the two using quaternions. I am not convinced that his approach will be fruitful, but I do think he has illuminated the problem.

In my early career I needed to solve an equation dealing with shock phenomena that had an analytic solution in the region where the variable of interest was small, a series solution in the region where the variable was large, and 'no' solution in the mid-region. This in some ways resembles GR and QED problems.

Although there are recent criticisms of renormalizable theory that I need to study, my approach is based more on understanding the problems with GR and QED than it is on reconciling the two. It does appear that the C-field is a major factor for spinning black holes, and also a possible factor for large bio-molecules. And as I said, I am working on the interaction of the C-field with photons and finding interesting results.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Edwin,

I think I begin to understand your work about the gravitomagnetism and its analogy between gravitation and electromagnetism for the Newtonian approximation. Actually, I have worked on this analogy but at the level of the General Relativity. I am trying to explain the problem below. The Einstein field equation describes the evolution of the 10 components of the Ricci tensor. The General Relativity says that gravitation is modeled by the Riemann tensor of the spactime that has 20 components. Where are the other 10 components? The 10 components of the Ricci tensor describe the local action of the energy. The other components describe the non local action of the matter and are given by the Weyl tensor. This formalism has been developed for instance by Stephen Hawking and Georges Ellis in their book “The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time”. There is an analogy between the Ricci and Weyl tensors and the Maxwell equations, see for instance the papers “Une histoire qu'on cherche à écrire : la relativité générale en termes d'équations du premier ordre” (in French) or the article “Gravitoelectromagnetic analogy based on tidal tensors”. For instance, the Weyl tensor describes the gravitational waves at the level of the General Relativity. The standard cosmology supposes that the Weyl tensor is zero. Actually, the Weyl tensor is non zero but it is negligible due to the fact that in a strong gravitational field the Ricci tensor dominates. I think that things can be different for the weak gravitational field. I have written a paper on arxiv about this problem http://arxiv.org/abs/1005.2826. This paper only suggests that there is a time dilation in a weak gravitational field due to the Weyl tensor. In a weak gravitational field, the Ricci tensor becomes very weak and I think that the variations between weak gravitational fields (given by the Weyl tensor because it models the tidal force) can become more important than the gravitational field itself (given by the Ricci tensor). I give you a naïve example (without any link with the reality): if a variation of a number is between 10000000000 and 10000000000.000001 it is negligible. But if the variation is between 0.000001 and 0.000002 then the variation is 0.000001 which is of the same order than the number itself. Thus, I wonder if it is always possible to neglect the Weyl tensor, even for the weak gravitational field. If not, I think that it is a possible explanation for the dark matter in the theory of the General Relativity. Indeed, the problem in the galaxies is that you have weak gravitational field far away for the center and also important variations. There is a first work in this direction; this is the paper “Exact vacuum solution to conformal Weyl gravity and galactic rotation curves” (The Astrophysical journal 1989).

Emmanuel

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 20, 2011 @ 19:29 GMT

Dear Emmanuel,

I am very pleased that you make the effort to understand my essay, and further to translate it into terms that you have expertise in. I will look at your referenced arXiv paper, at the 'Tidal Tensors' article, and perhaps at Hawking and Ellis' book.

I came to the C-field independently, then became aware that Martin Tajmar's measurements agreed with my preliminary calculations, and finally learned that Maxwell and Einstein (as well as Heaviside, Lorentz and others) had worked on the C-field in various forms. My investigation initially focused on the 'Fly-by mysteries', the so-called 'axis of evil', and cosmological jets. As most of the universe is 'flat', I simply ignored black holes and other phenomena that require a general relativistic treatment, and used the linearized equations for 'fly-by', etc. As I became more familiar with C-field physics I realized that the Yang-Mills non-linearity, combined with a dependence on local mass density, actually had particle physics ramifications, and most of my efforts for a few years was working out the details of these. Only recently, due to stimulation I received in this essay competition, have I begun working on the interaction of the C-field with photons. Other than deriving the FLRW equation in terms of the C-field, I have done very little with General Relativity. Since Einstein failed in his attempt to derive the proper relativistic description of the gravito-magneto-static dipole, I assumed that it is beyond my meager GR skills. And you are correct that I have ignored the Weyl tensor and any non-local action of matter.

For this reason I am especially pleased that you are looking at these aspects of the C-field, and that you have responded as above. I believe that Florin was concerned about the 'strong force' with regard to photons. I believe that the C-field addresses this concern in novel fashion, and I tend to agree with your answer: "I think that symmetries are a consequence of the need of stability and not the inverse". Most of my C-field concern with GR has been at the level of the weak field approximation. If you can extend C-field theory beyond that approximation, that would be very good.

Thanks again for your efforts, and best wishes,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

"that the curvature of space is limited.".

Curvature of space really limited if space 2D+1 for Bosons and 2D+1 for Fermions.

Negative curvature for Bosons.

Positive curvature for Fermions.

See my essay.

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Dear Sir,

Mr. Peter Jackson, one of the finalists had asked us some clarifications. We think it may be of interest to you. Hence we post the reply to him below your Essay.

First let us answer to your question regarding how direct observation could be different. Since you are fond of spectroscopy, we will give you an example from that branch. Look at the mechanism behind the emission...

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Dear Dr. Edwin,

Congrats for standing second in the contest.If you have succeeded it is because of your indepth knowledge and masterful handling of the subject.The way you responded to your viewers is simply professional as you have originality in your thinking and a basic theory to base your views to boost.

Thanking you.

Sincerely

Sreenath.

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 22, 2011 @ 22:24 GMT

Dear Sreenath,

Thank you for these very kind remarks.

It is nice to receive such from another independent researcher who is also interested in the fundamentals and philosophy of physics. We are fortunate that fqxi provides a platform that welcomes independent researchers.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Florin,

I posted this where you are more likely to see it. You may wish to respond here on my thread.

My essay analyzes Anton Zeilinger's logic and concludes that his logic fails if the state of one or more of the entangled particles changes en route from the source to the detector. On other threads, I was asked "why would the state of the photon change?" and explained that in my C-field model photons can interact with mass en route, disturbing the entanglement.

I de-emphasized this argument after becoming aware of Joy Christian's work implying Bell's calculations are in error, but, assuming Joy is wrong (which I do not) my argument still applies.

Yesterday I received Phys Rev Lett 106, 080404 (25 Feb 2011) Antonelli, Shtaif, and Brodsky's paper titled "Sudden Death of Entanglement Induced by Polarization Mode Dispersion" in which they note that the relation between the violation of non-locality and the sudden disappearance of entanglement are due to CHANGES OCCURRING EN ROUTE! The changes are due to the optical birefringence associated with the optical fibers over which the photons travel. They claim that understanding this relation to non-locality is of utmost importance and say "the arbitrary birefringence characterizing fiber-optic transmission produces a PREVIOUSLY UNOBSERVED combination of physical effects" [my emphasis].

They conclude that "The ultimate limits imposed by fiber birefringence to applications based on non-local properties of polarization entanglement were shown to be intriguingly related with the phenomenon of entanglement sudden death."

Without vouching for their calculations, I would point out that the concept of "change en route" as an argument against Zeilinger's (and others') logic is exactly what I proposed in my essay.

Although Phys Rev Letters was designed specifically to get new ideas out fast, I find it interesting that fqxi presented my arguments two months prior to their appearance in PRL. Non-locality is probably the most 'foundational' question that exists today. In my opinion fqxi is very close to achieving the goals for which it was designed.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 27, 2011 @ 22:16 GMT

Again, in the interests of keeping all things C-field in one place, I include the following excerpts from comments on another thread.

Florin Moldoveanu replied on Mar. 25, 2011 @ 04:39 GMT

Dear Edwin,

I located the paper on the archive and I read it. I believe it got accepted to PRL not because of Entangelment Sudden Death-ESD (which was already known) but due to the fact of...

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 27, 2011 @ 22:18 GMT

Dear Florin,

"Bell's theorem, together with the experiments of Aspect et al., shows that the theoretical idea to use hidden classical variables to replace quantum theory is certainly a lost cause, and has been for forty years."

First, that requires that you believe Bell's theorem. I know you claim that Joy is wrong, but I haven't seen your proof and I reserve judgment.

Second...

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Edwin

I'm sure you're watching the blogs, but just in case,just posted the below; (I forgot to also mention that geometrically this also explains the failure of the Law of Refraction between co-moving media, and reversal of time averaged Poynting vectors).

Florin

Thanks. The 'transient evolution' viewpoint v 'sudden death' of entanglement was interesting. If we consider the QED view and a Q-bit as a photon, in atomic scattering the energy is continually absorbed and re-emitted (at LOCAL 'c') so a string of 3 Q-bits may not only end up different distances apart (between moving media - [equiv to Doppler shift]) but are of course 'different' Q-bits each time, as, when emitted, their polarisation and path depends on the electron (PMD and birefringence). Looked at in another way this is equivalent to saying that (in macro classic terms) lots of quantum sudden deaths of entanglement may equal a gradual evolutionary death, in a process equivalent to 'diffraction'.

If a string of 3 Q-bits arrives at 'c' but the electron absorbing and emitting the energy is part of another dielectric moving towards the incident medium, the arrival rate will be faster than the emission rate. We therefore have inertial frame transition, maintaining 'c' in the new medium (or c/n subject to PMD) without needing a Lorentz transformation. So now, the gradual death of entanglement gives sudden death of the LT to allow SR with it's paradoxes exchanged for a logical quantum mechanism! And suddenly we have something that meets ALL observation, and the SR postulates! Hmmm.

It's called the discrete field model(DFM) Did you read the essay?; http://fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/803 A few have grasped it but it but it really isn't easy. And let's toast Alain Connes and his famous toast ... "The Universe" (well.. our current real local one anyway!).

I look forward to your Blog post. And yes, if you'd like to see the Chromatic Dispersion paper mail me at the Email address on the essay.

Best wishes

Peter

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Edwin,

I took your advice and looked up QED for the first time. I was relieved to see the end in sight, for there in plain english was what I had been looking for. I've copied this over from my own thread:

[quote]"QED in Wikipedia states repeatedly that Feynman himself was unhappy with "dippy process" of renormalisation as a 'fudge factor'. New imagery is needed imo. Loops and fractal-like geometry is exactly what I've been drawing and talking about. There's no need for infinites or ad infinitums, reality tends to zero on a decreasing scale of size and amount. It's the simulation model that is needed to understand what's going in this kind of detail.

A new picture of the matter loop: a toroid made of braids, 2 pairs of opposite helical radiating structures. Both attractive and repulsive Archimedes screw graviton configurations emitted. Twists give two plaiting techniques and geometry a different effect on the junction area."[end quote]

The fine-structure constant combined with the larger helical framework geometry is the 'real' picture of reality just under the surface, waiting to be discovered.

Alan

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 27, 2011 @ 19:01 GMT

Alan,

I was not aware that "Feynman himself was unhappy with "dippy process" of renormalisation as a 'fudge factor'", but that is exactly how I have interpreted it, along with the 'radiative corrections' attributed to virtual particles. Dirac was also very unhappy with QED.

As for the helix, I believe I mentioned before that the figure on page 6 of my essay is helical in nature. The 'P' stands for momentum, mass times velocity, so that the particle or photon is moving in the direction of the arrow. As it moves it induces the C-field circulation (left-handed red 'loop') which traces out a helix.

The toroidal particle shown at the bottom of page 5 represents a self-induced C-field circulation (Chern Class 0) that may also be pictured as a helix. If the particle is charged (all but photon or neutrino) then the magnetic circulation may be considered a second toroid, compatible with the description, "made of braids, 2 pairs of opposite helical radiating structures."

In The Chromodynamics War I derive the Fine Structure Constant from the process of creating the toroid. I do not believe that any other theory can derive this constant.

When you first proposed your picture, I believed you were thinking too mechanically. It appears that your idea is evolving in the right direction. The 'real picture of reality' has been discovered. It's just waiting to be accepted. This fqxi competition is helping.

Congratulations, and thank you for the above comment.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Alan Lowey replied on Mar. 29, 2011 @ 12:59 GMT

Hi Edwin,

Thanks for the post and info. I need to go throught it all in more detail yet. Note that the quote marks are a bit misleading and are not direct from Wikipedia, but from my own quick summary. That said, the QED Wikipedia entry is fascinating, and often reminds the reader of the many problems encountered with the theory in the early days. It hints of a reworking being needed imo.

Best,

Alan

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Alan Lowey replied on Mar. 29, 2011 @ 16:40 GMT

Edwin,

I forgot to mention that if you think you have a t.o.e in the making, I want to know whether it can explain the mystery of the ice ages. That's what my Astronomy lecturer told me when I was an undergraduate, and he was right. If your working model doesn't have an inclination over eccentricity hypothesis then it ain't as good as mine one is..

Cheers, all the best

Alan

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Author Edwin Eugene Klingman replied on Mar. 29, 2011 @ 19:59 GMT

Alan,

Yes, "The QED Wikipedia entry is fascinating, and often reminds the reader of the many problems encountered with the theory in the early days. It hints of a reworking being needed imo."

It's not just the early days. In 1998 the 'vacuum energy', which is probably the most important factor in QED, was found to be wrong by 120 orders of magnitude (that's a one followed by 120 zeroes). And last year, the QED calculation of the proton radius based on muonic hydrogen (hydrogen with muon replacing electron) is off by four percent!

So QED has real problems.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Alan Lowey replied on Mar. 31, 2011 @ 09:27 GMT

Edwin,

Thanks for the info on the up-to-date QED calculations which I wasn't aware of. I've deduced that QED is essentially based on Gauss's laws and others, which are based on Newton's gravity equation. It's a big circular problem which rests on the assumption that Newton's deductions are essentially correct. This isn't necessarily the case though as I've demonstrated with the Inclination Hypothesis (which is being discussed in the essay Blog). The notion of the Archimedes screw model of the graviton allows for the assumption of an equal force of repulsion, where 'the screw is turning in the opposite direction', i.e. an anti-graviton. Magnetism now makes much more sense when force lines of repulsion are introduced. It's much more intuitive. The whole caboodle needs reworking imo.

Alan

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Alan

Fine-structure constant can be 25!!!

Getting Its from Bits 397, 303-306 (January 1999).

http://ctp.lns.mit.edu/Wilczek_Nature/Getting%20Its%20
from%20Bits.pdf

If grand unification happens.

See also http://bourabai.narod.ru/winter/planck-e.htm

Best

Yuri Danoyan